非医疗目的使用处方类阿片的青年人群中，苯二氮䓬类药物使用和滥用的流行率及其相关因素。
Prevalence and correlates of benzodiazepine use and misuse among young adults who use prescription opioids non-medically.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Box G-S-121-2, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
Boston Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, 850 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02118, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, 88 East Newton Street, Vose Hall Room 322, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
出版信息
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Feb 1;183:73-77. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.10.023. Epub 2017 Dec 7.
BACKGROUND
Benzodiazepine use dramatically increases the risk of unintentional overdose among people who use opioids non-medically. However, little is known about the patterns of co-occurring benzodiazepine and opioid use among young adults in the United States.
METHODS
The Rhode Island Young Adult Prescription Drug Study (RAPiDS) was a cross-sectional study from January 2015-February 2016. RAPiDS recruited 200 young adults aged 18-29 who reported past 30-day non-medical prescription opioid (NMPO) use. Using Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher's exact test, we examined correlates associated with regular prescribed and non-medical use (defined as at least monthly) of benzodiazepines among NMPO users in Rhode Island.
RESULTS
Among participants, 171 (85.5%) reported lifetime benzodiazepine use and 125 (62.5%) reported regular benzodiazepine use. Nearly all (n=121, 96.8%) reported non-medical use and 43 (34.4%) reported prescribed use. Compared to the 75 participants who did not regularly use benzodiazepines, participants who reported regular use were more likely to be white (66.3% vs. 58.0%, p=0.03), have ever been incarcerated (52.8% vs. 37.3%, p=0.04), and have ever been diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder (bipolar: 29.6% vs. 16.0%, p=0.04; anxiety: 56.8 vs. 36.0%, p=0.01). Although the association was marginally significant, accidental overdose was higher among those who were prescribed the benzodiazepine they used most frequently compared to those who were not (41.9% vs. 24.4%, p=0.06).
CONCLUSION
Benzodiazepine use and misuse are highly prevalent among young adult NMPO users. Harm reduction and prevention programs for this population are urgently needed.
背景
苯二氮䓬类药物的使用会显著增加非医疗目的使用阿片类药物人群意外药物过量的风险。然而，目前人们对美国年轻成年人中同时使用苯二氮䓬类药物和阿片类药物的模式知之甚少。
方法
罗得岛州年轻成年人处方药物研究（RAPiDS）是一项 2015 年 1 月至 2016 年 2 月进行的横断面研究。RAPiDS 招募了 200 名年龄在 18 至 29 岁之间的年轻成年人，他们报告过去 30 天内非医疗目的使用处方阿片类药物（NMPO）。通过 Wilcoxon 秩和检验和 Fisher 确切检验，我们检查了罗得岛州 NMPO 使用者中与定期处方和非医疗使用（定义为至少每月一次）苯二氮䓬类药物相关的因素。
结果
在参与者中，171 人（85.5%）报告有过苯二氮䓬类药物使用史，125 人（62.5%）报告有规律使用苯二氮䓬类药物。几乎所有人（n=121，96.8%）都报告有非医疗使用，43 人（34.4%）报告有处方使用。与 75 名未定期使用苯二氮䓬类药物的参与者相比，定期使用苯二氮䓬类药物的参与者更有可能是白人（66.3% vs. 58.0%，p=0.03）、曾被监禁（52.8% vs. 37.3%，p=0.04）和曾被诊断为精神障碍（双相障碍：29.6% vs. 16.0%，p=0.04；焦虑症：56.8% vs. 36.0%，p=0.01）。尽管这种关联具有边缘显著性，但与未服用苯二氮䓬类药物的参与者相比，经常服用处方苯二氮䓬类药物的参与者发生意外药物过量的风险更高（41.9% vs. 24.4%，p=0.06）。
结论
在年轻的 NMPO 使用者中，苯二氮䓬类药物的使用和滥用非常普遍。迫切需要针对这一人群的减少伤害和预防计划。
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