Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virtua Hospital, Voorhees, NJ; Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Hamilton, NJ.
Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Hamilton, NJ.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Mar;218(3):328.e1-328.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.12.006. Epub 2017 Dec 13.
Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection. However, because it is not a reportable disease in the United States, there is limited information on the age of infected individuals and their geographic distribution.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the detection rates of T vaginalis infection compared with Chlamydia trachomatis by age and state in a commercial laboratory setting.
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions were used to detect the presence of T vaginalis and C trachomatis in cervicovaginal samples that were obtained during gynecologic examinations. A total of 1,554,966 and 1,999,077 samples from females 10-79 years old were analyzed retrospectively for the presence of T vaginalis and C trachomatis, respectively.
The highest detection rate of an infection with T vaginalis was ages 47-53 years. For C trachomatis, the highest detection rate was ages 14-20 years. T vaginalis detection rate distribution by age shows a bimodal pattern with first peak at ages 21-22 years (4.0-4.1%) and a higher second peak at ages 48-51 years (5.4-5.8%). C trachomatis prevalence distribution by age shows a maximum peak of 8.6% at age 17 years and a rapid decline thereafter. In general, the detection rates of both pathogens were higher in the southeast and in states along the Mississippi River Valley than in other parts of the country. A nucleotide polymorphism associated with T vaginalis metronidazole resistance (ntr6K80STOP) was not associated with age and was found most frequently in specimens from New Mexico and Vermont.
The detection rate of T vaginalis does not appear to decrease with age as observed for C trachomatis and reaches maximum rates in women 48-51 years old. The geographic distribution of T vaginalis appears to be broadly similar to that of other sexually transmitted diseases. The ntr6K80STOP polymorphism did not have a specific association with age or geography.
阴道毛滴虫是最常见的非病毒性性传播感染。然而，由于它不是美国的法定报告疾病，因此有关受感染者的年龄及其地理分布的信息有限。
本研究旨在评估在商业实验室环境中，按年龄和州划分的阴道毛滴虫感染检测率与沙眼衣原体感染检测率的比较。
使用定量实时聚合酶链反应检测来自妇科检查的宫颈阴道样本中阴道毛滴虫和沙眼衣原体的存在。回顾性分析了 10-79 岁女性的 1554966 份和 1999077 份样本，以检测阴道毛滴虫和沙眼衣原体的存在。
阴道毛滴虫感染的最高检出率为 47-53 岁。对于沙眼衣原体，最高检出率为 14-20 岁。阴道毛滴虫的年龄分布呈双峰模式，第一个高峰出现在 21-22 岁（4.0-4.1%），第二个高峰出现在 48-51 岁（5.4-5.8%）。沙眼衣原体的年龄分布呈单峰模式，在 17 岁时达到最高峰值 8.6%，随后迅速下降。总的来说，这两种病原体的检测率在东南部和密西西比河流域各州都高于其他地区。与阴道毛滴虫甲硝唑耐药相关的核苷酸多态性（ntr6K80STOP）与年龄无关，在新墨西哥州和佛蒙特州的标本中发现频率最高。
阴道毛滴虫的检出率似乎不像沙眼衣原体那样随年龄增长而降低，在 48-51 岁的女性中达到最高。阴道毛滴虫的地理分布似乎与其他性传播疾病大致相似。ntr6K80STOP 多态性与年龄或地理区域没有特定的关联。
