Moulton Stuart J, Gullyas Csilla, Hogg Fiona J, Power Kevin G
Department of Clinical Health Psychology, Ryehill Health Centre, St Peter Street, Dundee, DD1 4JH, UK.
Department of Clinical Health Psychology, Ryehill Health Centre, St Peter Street, Dundee, DD1 4JH, UK.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2018 Feb;71(2):149-154. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2017.11.004. Epub 2017 Dec 2.
A limited number of studies have researched psychosocial predictors of body image dissatisfaction exclusively within the National Health Service (NHS) aesthetic surgery patient populations, despite aesthetic surgery being offered on an exceptional basis. The Adult Exceptional Aesthetic Referral Protocol (AEARP) defines criteria for aesthetic surgery under the NHS in Scotland. The protocol requires psychological assessment prior to surgery for the majority of aesthetic surgery procedures offered. It is therefore important to establish psychological predictors of body image dissatisfaction to aid with assessment and provision of psychological therapy for this patient group.
334 consecutive potential aesthetic surgery patients referred for psychological assessment under the AEARP completed psychosocial self-report assessment measures as part of routine practice. Multiple regression analysis using the forced entry method was used to investigate psychosocial predictors of body image dissatisfaction.
Multiple regression analysis indicated that younger age, greater symptoms of depression, lower levels of self-esteem and greater interpersonal sensitivity significantly predicted higher levels of self-reported body image dissatisfaction. Symptoms of anxiety did not significantly predict body image dissatisfaction.
This study indicates that both self perception and perception of self in relation to others, especially fear of being judged by others, significantly relates to body image dissatisfaction in this patient group. Psychological assessment of patients' suitability for aesthetic surgery should consider factors such as the patients' interpersonal functioning. Psychological intervention targeted at symptoms of depression, difficulties with self-esteem and interpersonal functioning may be of significant benefit to patients either prior to undergoing surgery or as an alternative to aesthetic surgery.
尽管国民医疗服务体系（NHS）仅在特殊情况下提供美容手术，但仅有少数研究专门针对NHS美容手术患者群体中身体意象不满的社会心理预测因素进行了研究。成人特殊美容转诊协议（AEARP）规定了苏格兰NHS下美容手术的标准。该协议要求对大多数提供的美容手术程序在手术前进行心理评估。因此，确定身体意象不满的心理预测因素对于帮助评估和为该患者群体提供心理治疗非常重要。
334名根据AEARP被转诊进行心理评估的连续潜在美容手术患者完成了社会心理自我报告评估措施，作为常规操作的一部分。使用强制进入法的多元回归分析用于研究身体意象不满的社会心理预测因素。
多元回归分析表明，年龄较小、抑郁症状较重、自尊水平较低和人际敏感性较高显著预测了自我报告的身体意象不满程度较高。焦虑症状并未显著预测身体意象不满。
本研究表明，自我认知以及与他人相关的自我认知，尤其是害怕被他人评判，与该患者群体的身体意象不满显著相关。对患者进行美容手术适宜性的心理评估应考虑患者人际功能等因素。针对抑郁症状、自尊困难和人际功能的心理干预可能对患者在手术前或作为美容手术的替代方案有显著益处。
