Ozgür F, Tuncali D, Güler Gürsu K
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 1998 Nov-Dec;22(6):412-9. doi: 10.1007/s002669900226.
Psychology should be an important part of a plastic surgery procedure in order to buoy up the patient so that he gains a consequent relief of psychiatric and social problems. It is a fact that reconstructive surgery patients also seek psychological stability and a better appearance that is acceptable to society. While the life satisfaction, self-esteem, and body image of the individual who seeks aesthetic plastic surgery has been a special concern in the plastic surgery literature, data about reconstructive surgery patients are usually lacking. To understand the factors influencing the aim of an individual seeking plastic surgery, this prospective controlled clinical study was designed. We hypothesized that they should have lower life satisfaction and self-esteem and more distorted body images than the "normal" population. Three hundred individuals were included in the study. Both the aesthetic surgery group (AG) and the reconstructive surgery group (RG) consist of 100 (n = 100) subjects. Individuals chosen randomly from the total population seen in the 12-month period were included regardless of the type of procedure, body region, or type of trauma as well as whether or not their wish for surgery was justified by the staff. The third group, the control group (CG), also consists of 100 (n = 100) subjects and was chosen from the "normal" population. All 300 subjects were asked to complete four scales: the Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, Life-Satisfaction Index (LSI), Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI), and Body-Image Inventory (BII). Results were collected and compared. The LSI results for the two surgical groups were found to be similar to those for the CG, with the RG demonstrating the lowest level. For the SEI there was a significant difference between the two surgical groups, being in favor of the AG, and a greater difference was noted between the CG and the RG. BII results showed no significant difference among the three groups. As a result, although there may be some, a regular person who seeks an aesthetic procedure should not be considered a psychologically disturbed individual at face value and each case should be evaluated individually in the preoperative consultation. Similarly, individuals who present for reconstructive procedures and wish further aesthetic refinements should be evaluated and treated exactly as pure aesthetic candidates.
心理学应成为整形手术过程中的重要组成部分，以鼓舞患者，使其在精神和社会问题上得到相应缓解。事实上，整形修复手术患者也追求心理稳定以及社会可接受的更佳容貌。虽然寻求美容整形手术者的生活满意度、自尊和身体意象一直是整形手术文献中的特别关注点，但关于整形修复手术患者的数据通常较为缺乏。为了解影响个体寻求整形手术目的的因素，设计了这项前瞻性对照临床研究。我们假设他们的生活满意度和自尊应低于“正常”人群，且身体意象更为扭曲。该研究纳入了300名个体。美容手术组（AG）和整形修复手术组（RG）各有100名（n = 100）受试者。从12个月期间所见的总人口中随机选取个体，无论手术类型、身体部位、创伤类型，以及工作人员是否认为其手术愿望合理。第三组，即对照组（CG），也有100名（n = 100）受试者，从“正常”人群中选取。所有300名受试者都被要求完成四个量表：社会人口学问卷、生活满意度指数（LSI）、自尊量表（SEI）和身体意象量表（BII）。收集并比较结果。发现两个手术组的LSI结果与CG组相似，其中RG组水平最低。对于SEI，两个手术组之间存在显著差异，AG组占优，CG组和RG组之间差异更大。BII结果显示三组之间无显著差异。因此，尽管可能存在一些情况，但从表面看，寻求美容手术的普通人不应被视为心理紊乱个体，且在术前咨询中应个案单独评估。同样，进行整形修复手术并希望进一步美容改善的个体，应与单纯的美容手术候选者一样进行评估和治疗。
