Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2018 Feb;28(2):243-251. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.12.001. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death and represents a significant public health problem world-wide. Individuals who attempt or die by suicide represent a highly heterogeneous population. Recently, efforts have been made to identify sub-populations and variables to categorize them. A popular dichotomy in suicide research of the past years is violent versus non-violent suicide - based on the method. This dichotomy is important given that there is an association between method of attempted suicide and risk of subsequent death by suicide. The differentiation concerning suicide methods is also critical regarding preventive efforts. In this review, we have tried to approach the concept of violent suicide from different perspectives, including a discussion about its definition and overlapping categories. In addition, we have critically discussed aggression as underlying trait, the question of intent to die, and sociodemographic, environmental, neuropsychological, and neurobiological factors potentially associated with violent suicide.
自杀是导致死亡的主要原因之一，也是全球范围内一个重大的公共卫生问题。试图自杀或自杀身亡的个体代表了一个高度异质的人群。最近，人们一直在努力确定亚人群和变量，以便对他们进行分类。在过去几年的自杀研究中，一个流行的二分法是暴力与非暴力自杀——基于自杀的方法。这种二分法很重要，因为自杀企图的方法与随后自杀死亡的风险之间存在关联。区分自杀方法对于预防工作也至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们试图从不同角度探讨暴力自杀的概念，包括对其定义和重叠类别的讨论。此外，我们还批判性地讨论了潜在与暴力自杀相关的攻击性作为潜在特质、死亡意图问题以及社会人口学、环境、神经心理学和神经生物学因素。
