water@leeds and School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Nat Ecol Evol. 2018 Feb;2(2):325-333. doi: 10.1038/s41559-017-0426-x. Epub 2017 Dec 18.
Global change threatens invertebrate biodiversity and its central role in numerous ecosystem functions and services. Functional trait analyses have been advocated to uncover global mechanisms behind biodiversity responses to environmental change, but the application of this approach for invertebrates is underdeveloped relative to other organism groups. From an evaluation of 363 records comprising >1.23 million invertebrates collected from rivers across nine biogeographic regions on three continents, consistent responses of community trait composition and diversity to replicated gradients of reduced glacier cover are demonstrated. After accounting for a systematic regional effect of latitude, the processes shaping river invertebrate functional diversity are globally consistent. Analyses nested within individual regions identified an increase in functional diversity as glacier cover decreases. Community assembly models demonstrated that dispersal limitation was the dominant process underlying these patterns, although environmental filtering was also evident in highly glacierized basins. These findings indicate that predictable mechanisms govern river invertebrate community responses to decreasing glacier cover globally.
全球变化威胁着无脊椎动物的生物多样性及其在众多生态系统功能和服务中的核心作用。功能特征分析被认为是揭示生物多样性对环境变化响应的全球机制的方法，但与其他生物群组相比，这种方法在无脊椎动物中的应用还不够发达。本研究通过评估来自三大洲九个生物地理区域的河流中采集的 363 个记录，这些记录包含超过 123 万只无脊椎动物，结果表明，无脊椎动物群落特征组成和多样性对冰川覆盖减少的复制梯度存在一致的响应。在考虑了纬度的系统区域效应后，塑造河流无脊椎动物功能多样性的过程在全球范围内是一致的。在各个区域内进行的分析表明，随着冰川覆盖面积的减少，功能多样性增加。群落组装模型表明，扩散限制是这些模式的主要过程，但在高度冰川化的流域中也存在环境过滤。这些发现表明，可预测的机制支配着全球范围内河流无脊椎动物群落对冰川覆盖减少的响应。
