Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
Gastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, London, United Kingdom.
Euro Surveill. 2017 Dec;22(50). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.50.17-00196.
A European multi-country outbreak of Enteritidis phage type (PT) 14b occurred from March to November 2014 associated with the consumption of eggs. The outbreak involved more than 400 human cases from France, Luxembourg, Austria and the United Kingdom. In 2016-2017, it has been re-evaluated combining recent epidemiological results with latest molecular data. The outbreak was traced back to one large Bavarian egg producer with four distinct premises, three located in Bavaria, one in the Czech Republic. The outbreak isolates of Enteritidis PT 14b were grouped into three closely related clades by whole genome sequencing. Two of these clades could be referred to two Bavarian premises of the egg producer on the basis of epidemiological and molecular data, while epidemiological data presumably linked the third clade to another premises of the egg producer. Interestingly and in contrast to the situation in other European countries where several outbreaks were documented, all notified 91 laboratory-confirmed cases of Enteritidis PT 14b from Bavaria were sporadic, singular cases not belonging to any epidemiological outbreaks. In conclusion, as demonstrated here, the resolution of food-related outbreaks with such a high discriminatory power is rare in outbreak investigation.
2014 年 3 月至 11 月，欧洲多国发生与食用鸡蛋相关的肠炎沙门氏菌噬菌体型 14b（PT14b）疫情。该疫情涉及来自法国、卢森堡、奥地利和英国的 400 多例确诊病例。2016-2017 年，结合最新的流行病学结果和最新的分子数据，对该疫情进行了重新评估。该疫情可追溯到一家大型巴伐利亚鸡蛋生产商，该生产商有四个不同的场所，其中三个位于巴伐利亚，一个位于捷克共和国。通过全基因组测序，肠炎沙门氏菌 PT14b 的暴发分离株被分为三个密切相关的分支。基于流行病学和分子数据，其中两个分支可追溯到鸡蛋生产商的两个巴伐利亚场所，而第三个分支的流行病学数据可能与鸡蛋生产商的另一个场所有关。有趣的是，与其他欧洲国家的情况形成对比，这些国家记录了几起暴发疫情，巴伐利亚报告的所有 91 例经实验室确认的肠炎沙门氏菌 PT14b 暴发病例均为散发性病例，属于任何一种流行病学暴发的单一病例。总之，如本文所示，在暴发调查中，如此高的鉴别力来解决与食品相关的暴发疫情是罕见的。
