Salwen R S, Reznikoff M, Schwartz F
Danbury Hospital, Connecticut.
J Clin Psychol. 1989 Jan;45(1):138-49. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198901)45:1<138::aid-jclp2270450122>3.0.co;2-8.
Utilizing the Rorschach and the Wechsler, groups of borderline adolescents (n = 26) and adolescents with other personality disorders (n = 26) were compared to determine whether there were differences in magnitude and type of disturbances in ego functioning. The specific aspects of ego functioning that were studied included disturbances in identity integration, reliance on primitive defensive operations, vulnerability to regressive thinking, and lapses in reality appreciation. Results indicated that during adolescence the borderline personality represents a more severe form of character pathology than other personality disorders, as revealed by more disturbances in identity integration, a greater regression to primary-process thinking in unstructured settings, and more frequent lapses in reality testing. This contrast was most striking in the area of identity integration, where identity disturbances tended to be associated with lapses in reality testing in borderline adolescents, while there was essentially no relationship between these two indicators of ego pathology in non-borderline adolescents. This supports the notion that disturbances in identity integration, or the sense of self, form an important part of the borderline diagnosis, even during adolescence.
利用罗夏测验和韦氏测验，对边缘型青少年组（n = 26）和患有其他人格障碍的青少年组（n = 26）进行比较，以确定自我功能障碍的程度和类型是否存在差异。所研究的自我功能的具体方面包括身份认同整合障碍、对原始防御操作的依赖、对退行性思维的易感性以及现实感的缺失。结果表明，在青春期，边缘型人格代表了一种比其他人格障碍更严重的性格病理学形式，这表现为身份认同整合方面更多的障碍、在非结构化情境中向初级思维过程的更大退行以及现实检验中更频繁的失误。这种差异在身份认同整合领域最为显著，在边缘型青少年中，身份认同障碍往往与现实检验失误相关，而在非边缘型青少年中，这两个自我病理学指标之间基本没有关系。这支持了这样一种观点，即身份认同整合障碍或自我意识障碍构成了边缘型人格诊断（即使在青春期）的重要部分。
