Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua XV de novembro, 1.299, Curitiba, PR CEP 80.060-000, Brazil.
Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CCEN - Depto de Química, João Pessoa, PB CEP 58051-900, Brazil.
Waste Manag. 2018 Mar;73:504-510. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.12.019. Epub 2017 Dec 16.
In this study, we evaluated the emissions of pollutants generated from the combustion of syngas in the gasification of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Brazil using a mobile grille gasifier fed with domestic waste without any previous separation or grinding. The basic syngas composition (H, CH and CO) was analyzed by gas chromatography and the Lower Calorific Value was calculated, which ranged from 1.9 to 10.2 MJ/kg. In the monitoring of combustion gases (CO, CO, NO NO, SO and Total Hydrocarbon Content), values were found for these pollutants that were lower than the values established by the Brazilian legislation, except for SO. Regarding the determination of the emission of metals, values lower than those permissible in the legislation were found for the most toxic metals grouped as class I (Cd, Hg, Tl). Therefore, it was evident that gasification followed by the combustion of syngas from MSW without prior segregation at source has the advantages of having fewer process steps, allowing the low emission of pollutants into the environment and it avoids that the residues are deposited in landfills, which are generators of leachate and greenhouse gas (methane).
在这项研究中，我们评估了在巴西使用移动格栅气化器气化城市固体废物（MSW）时，由合成气燃烧产生的污染物排放，该气化器使用未经任何预先分离或粉碎的家用废物作为燃料。基本的合成气成分（H、CH 和 CO）通过气相色谱法进行分析，并计算出低热值，范围在 1.9 到 10.2 MJ/kg 之间。在监测燃烧气体（CO、CO、NO、NO、SO 和总碳氢化合物含量）时，发现这些污染物的数值低于巴西法规规定的数值，除了 SO。关于金属排放的测定，对于毒性最大的金属（Cd、Hg、Tl），发现它们的含量低于法规规定的允许值。因此，很明显，在没有事先进行源头分类的情况下，对 MSW 进行气化，然后燃烧合成气具有以下优点：减少了工艺步骤，使污染物向环境中的排放减少，避免了废物在垃圾填埋场中的沉积，因为垃圾填埋场是渗滤液和温室气体（甲烷）的产生源。
