Kuol Nyanbol, Stojanovska Lily, Nurgali Kulmira, Apostolopoulos Vasso
Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14426, Melbourne VIC 8001, Australia.
Immunotherapy. 2018 Feb;10(2):149-160. doi: 10.2217/imt-2017-0120.
Expression of PD-1 on T/B cells regulates peripheral tolerance and autoimmunity. Binding of PD-1 to its ligand, PD-L1, leads to protection against self-reactivity. In contrary, tumor cells have evolved immune escape mechanisms whereby overexpression of PD-L1 induces anergy and/or apoptosis of PD-1 positive T cells by interfering with T cell receptor signal transduction. PD-L1 and PD-1 blockade using antibodies are in human clinical trials as an alternative cancer treatment modality. Areas covered: We describe the role of PD-1/PD-L1 in disease in the context of autoimmunity, neurological disorders, stroke and cancer.
For immunotherapy/vaccines to be successful, the expression of PD-L1/PD-1 on immune cells should be considered, and the combination of checkpoint inhibitors and vaccines may pave the way for successful outcomes to disease.
T/B细胞上PD-1的表达调节外周耐受和自身免疫。PD-1与其配体PD-L1结合可防止自身反应性。相反，肿瘤细胞已经进化出免疫逃逸机制，通过干扰T细胞受体信号转导，PD-L1的过表达诱导PD-1阳性T细胞无反应和/或凋亡。使用抗体阻断PD-L1和PD-1正在进行人体临床试验，作为一种替代癌症治疗方式。涵盖领域：我们描述了PD-1/PD-L1在自身免疫、神经疾病、中风和癌症等疾病中的作用。
为使免疫疗法/疫苗取得成功，应考虑免疫细胞上PD-L1/PD-1的表达，检查点抑制剂和疫苗的联合使用可能为疾病的成功治疗铺平道路。
