Modabber Ali, Galster Helmut, Peters Florian, Möhlhenrich Stephan Christian, Kniha Kristian, Knobe Matthias, Hölzle Frank, Ghassemi Alireza
Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2018 Jun;42(3):766-773. doi: 10.1007/s00266-017-1027-4. Epub 2017 Dec 20.
For surgical treatment of the face, detailed surgical planning is necessary to avoid later unaesthetic results. Most of the studies in the literature concentrate on the ears' anatomy during childhood and adolescence. Nearly no study evaluates the anatomy of ears of people aged 50 or older. It was our aim to measure and evaluate the ear's anatomy in Caucasians between the ages of 21 and 65.
Three-dimensional scans of 240 volunteers were taken. The subjects were divided into groups of males and females and each of them into three groups by age (21-35, 36-50, 51-65). Landmarks were placed in these scans. Distances, relations and angles between them were recorded.
The distance between the subaurale and superaurale significantly increases (p < 0.001) during the aging process in males and females. Also, the width of the ear, measured between the preaurale and postaurale, significantly increased (p = 0.007) with advancing age. When the length of the ear is divided into four parts by anatomical landmarks, it extended the most in the lower quadrant with increasing subject age.
The ear of Caucasians does not stop changing its shape during adulthood. Even after the body has stopped growing, the ear still does. With the measured values in this study, it should be possible for the surgeon to plan the operation in advance and achieve satisfactory aesthetic outcomes.
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对于面部手术治疗，详细的手术规划对于避免后期出现不美观的结果是必要的。文献中的大多数研究都集中在儿童和青少年时期耳朵的解剖结构上。几乎没有研究评估50岁及以上人群耳朵的解剖结构。我们的目的是测量和评估21至65岁白种人耳朵的解剖结构。
对240名志愿者进行三维扫描。受试者按性别分组，每组再按年龄分为三组（21 - 35岁、36 - 50岁、51 - 65岁）。在这些扫描图像上放置标志点。记录它们之间的距离、关系和角度。
在男性和女性的衰老过程中，耳下点和耳上点之间的距离显著增加（p < 0.001）。此外，耳前点和耳后点之间测量的耳朵宽度随着年龄的增长也显著增加（p = 0.007）。当耳朵长度通过解剖标志点分为四部分时，随着受试者年龄的增加，下象限延伸最多。
白种人的耳朵在成年期不会停止改变其形状。即使身体停止生长后，耳朵仍会变化。根据本研究中的测量值，外科医生应该能够提前规划手术并获得满意的美学效果。
证据水平V：本期刊要求作者为每篇文章指定证据水平。有关这些循证医学评级的完整描述，请参考目录或作者在线指南www.springer.com/00266 。
