Ferreira Aluane S, Le Pendu Yvonnick, Martinez Romari A
Applied Ecology and Conservation Lab, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Rod. Jorge Amado km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45562-900, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, UESC, Rod. Jorge Amado km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45562-900, Brazil.
Primates. 2018 May;59(3):293-300. doi: 10.1007/s10329-017-0645-4. Epub 2017 Dec 20.
With the loss and fragmentation of tropical forests, the survival of primates depends on their ability to adapt to human-introduced modifications in their habitat. Marmosets are known for their ecological and behavioral plasticity and have been registered in various agricultural landscapes. Our goal was to describe the ecology of tufted-ear marmosets (Callithrix sp.) in a rubber/forest landscape, monitoring their use of habitat and diet. We followed two groups using radio telemetry and visual observations for nine months at the Michelin plantation Ltd. in Bahia, Brazil. Both groups used mainly pioneer forest and rubber with pioneer vegetation more than expected according to availability, even though they explored all types of vegetation. Rubber monocultures act as corridors for marmoset locomotion among more suitable habitats. Feeding, gummivory and socialization were mainly performed in the pioneer forest (with or without rubber), in which most sleeping sites and food sources were found. Groups of marmosets can incorporate agroforest matrixes to their area of use and activity patterns. Maintenance of marmosets in fragmented landscapes might be favored by their diet flexibility, with the use of resources such as gum and fruit, including exotic plants. Although known for their ecological flexibility, marmosets do require certain resources to be present in native habitat to adapt to agricultural landscapes. Patches of forest within a rubber landscape and pioneer vegetation in the rubber inter-rows should be considered to maintain populations of Callithrix in rubber landscapes.
随着热带森林的丧失和碎片化，灵长类动物的生存取决于它们适应人类对其栖息地所做改变的能力。狨猴以其生态和行为可塑性而闻名，并且已在各种农业景观中被记录到。我们的目标是描述簇绒耳狨猴（Callithrix sp.）在橡胶/森林景观中的生态，监测它们对栖息地的利用情况和饮食。我们在巴西巴伊亚州的米其林种植园有限公司，使用无线电遥测和视觉观察对两组狨猴进行了为期九个月的跟踪。两组狨猴主要利用先锋林和带有先锋植被的橡胶林，其利用程度超过了根据可获得性预期的水平，尽管它们也探索了所有类型的植被。橡胶单一栽培林充当了狨猴在更适宜栖息地之间移动的通道。觅食、食胶和社交活动主要在先锋林（有或没有橡胶树）中进行，在这片森林中发现了大多数睡眠地点和食物来源。狨猴群体可以将农林基质纳入其使用区域和活动模式。狨猴在碎片化景观中的生存可能得益于它们饮食的灵活性，它们会利用树胶和水果等资源，包括外来植物。尽管狨猴以其生态灵活性而闻名，但它们确实需要原生栖息地中有某些资源才能适应农业景观。橡胶景观中的森林斑块以及橡胶行间的先锋植被应被视为维持橡胶景观中Callithrix种群数量的要素。
