Rustiguel Cynthia Barbosa, Fernández-Bravo María, Guimarães Luis Henrique Souza, Quesada-Moraga Enrique
a Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters from Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, Monte Alegre, São Paulo, Brazil.
b Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, ETSIAM, University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, C4 Building, 14071 Cordoba, Spain.
Can J Microbiol. 2018 Mar;64(3):191-200. doi: 10.1139/cjm-2017-0517. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
Studies conducted over the last decades have shown the potential of entomopathogenic fungi for the biocontrol of some insect pests. Entomopathogenic fungi infect their host through the cuticle, so they do not need to be ingested to be effective. These fungi also secrete secondary metabolites and proteins that are toxic to insect pests. In this context, we analyzed the pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) strains IBCB 384 and IBCB 425 and Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. strains E 1764 and E 3158 against Galleria mellonella (Linn.) larvae, during pre-invasion and post-invasion phases. The results showed M. anisopliae, especially strain IBCB 384, was most virulent in the pre-invasion phase against G. mellonella, whereas B. bassiana, especially strain E 1764, was most virulent in the post-invasion phase. During in vivo development and in the production of toxic serum, B. bassiana E 3158 was the most virulent. Different fungal growth (or toxin) strategies were observed for studied strains. Metarhizium anisopliae IBCB 425 prioritizes the growth strategy, whereas strain IBCB 384 and B. bassiana strains E 1764 and E 3158 have a toxic strategy. All strains have pathogenicity against G. mellonella, indicating their possible use for biocontrol.
过去几十年进行的研究表明，昆虫病原真菌在生物防治某些害虫方面具有潜力。昆虫病原真菌通过表皮感染宿主，因此无需被摄入即可发挥作用。这些真菌还分泌对害虫有毒的次生代谢产物和蛋白质。在此背景下，我们分析了绿僵菌（Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.)）菌株IBCB 384和IBCB 425以及球孢白僵菌（Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill.）菌株E 1764和E 3158在入侵前和入侵后阶段对大蜡螟（Galleria mellonella (Linn.)）幼虫的致病性。结果表明，绿僵菌，尤其是菌株IBCB 384，在入侵前阶段对大蜡螟的毒性最强，而球孢白僵菌，尤其是菌株E 1764，在入侵后阶段毒性最强。在体内发育和产生毒性血清过程中，球孢白僵菌E 3158的毒性最强。在所研究的菌株中观察到了不同的真菌生长（或毒素）策略。绿僵菌IBCB 425优先采用生长策略，而菌株IBCB 384以及球孢白僵菌菌株E
