Telloli Chiara, Chicca Milvia, Pepi Salvatore, Vaccaro Carmela
Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Technical Unit for Environmental Assessment Models, Methods and Technologies (UTVALAMB), Air Quality Laboratory (AIR), 40129, Bologna, Italy.
Department of Life Science and Biotechnologies, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Dec 21;190(1):37. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-6412-6.
Southern European countries are often affected in summer by transboundary air pollution from Saharan dust. However, very few studies deal with Saharan dust pollution at high altitudes in winter. In Italy, the exceptional event occurred on February 19, 2014, colored in red the entire mountain range (Alps and Apennines) and allowed to characterize the particulate matter deposited on snow from a morphological and chemical point of view. Snow samples were collected after this event in four areas in the Alps and one in the Apennines. The particulate matter of the melted snow samples was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). These analyses confirmed the presence of Saharan dust particle components in all areas with similar percentages, supported also by the positive correlations between Mg-Ca, Al-Ca, Al-Mg, and Al-K in all samples.
南欧国家在夏季常常受到来自撒哈拉沙尘的跨境空气污染影响。然而，极少有研究涉及冬季高海拔地区的撒哈拉沙尘污染。在意大利，2014年2月19日发生了异常事件，整个山脉（阿尔卑斯山和亚平宁山脉）都被染成了红色，这使得从形态学和化学角度对积雪上沉积的颗粒物进行特征描述成为可能。此次事件后，在阿尔卑斯山的四个区域和亚平宁山脉的一个区域采集了雪样。通过带有能量色散X射线光谱仪的扫描电子显微镜（SEM-EDS）和电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）对融雪样品中的颗粒物进行了分析。这些分析证实了所有区域都存在百分比相似的撒哈拉沙尘颗粒成分，所有样品中镁与钙、铝与钙、铝与镁以及铝与钾之间的正相关关系也支持了这一点。
