Néri Eugenie Desirèe Rabelo, Meira Assuero Silva, Vasconcelos Hemerson Bruno da Silva, Woods David John, Fonteles Marta Maria de França
Surveillance and Patient Safety Sector, Assis Chateaubriand Maternity School, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2017 Dec 22;12(12):e0189918. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189918. eCollection 2017.
This study aimed to identify the knowledge, skills and attitudes of Brazilian hospital pharmacists in the use of information technology and electronic tools to support clinical practice.
A questionnaire was sent by email to clinical pharmacists working public and private hospitals in Brazil. The instrument was validated using the method of Polit and Beck to determine the content validity index. Data (n = 348) were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's Chi-square test and Gamma correlation tests.
Pharmacists had 1-4 electronic devices for personal use, mainly smartphones (84.8%; n = 295) and laptops (81.6%; n = 284). At work, pharmacists had access to a computer (89.4%; n = 311), mostly connected to the internet (83.9%; n = 292). They felt competent (very capable/capable) searching for a web page/web site on a specific subject (100%; n = 348), downloading files (99.7%; n = 347), using spreadsheets (90.2%; n = 314), searching using MeSH terms in PubMed (97.4%; n = 339) and general searching for articles in bibliographic databases (such as Medline/PubMed: 93.4%; n = 325). Pharmacists did not feel competent in using statistical analysis software (somewhat capable/incapable: 78.4%; n = 273). Most pharmacists reported that they had not received formal education to perform most of these actions except searching using MeSH terms. Access to bibliographic databases was available in Brazilian hospitals, however, most pharmacists (78.7%; n = 274) reported daily use of a non-specific search engine such as Google. This result may reflect the lack of formal knowledge and training in the use of bibliographic databases and difficulty with the English language. The need to expand knowledge about information search tools was recognized by most pharmacists in clinical practice in Brazil, especially those with less time dedicated exclusively to clinical activity (Chi-square, p = 0.006).
These results will assist in defining minimal competencies for the training of pharmacists in the field of information technology to support clinical practice. Knowledge and skill gaps are evident in the use of bibliographic databases, spreadsheets and statistical tools.
本研究旨在确定巴西医院药剂师在使用信息技术和电子工具以支持临床实践方面的知识、技能和态度。
通过电子邮件向在巴西公立和私立医院工作的临床药剂师发送问卷。采用波利特和贝克的方法对该工具进行验证，以确定内容效度指数。使用描述性统计、皮尔逊卡方检验和伽马相关性检验对数据（n = 348）进行分析。
药剂师个人拥有1 - 4台电子设备，主要是智能手机（84.8%；n = 295）和笔记本电脑（81.6%；n = 284）。在工作中，药剂师可以使用计算机（89.4%；n = 311），大多数连接到互联网（83.9%；n = 292）。他们觉得自己有能力（非常有能力/有能力）在特定主题上搜索网页/网站（100%；n = 348）、下载文件（99.7%；n = 347）、使用电子表格（90.2%；n = 314）、在PubMed中使用医学主题词进行搜索（97.4%；n = 339）以及在书目数据库中一般搜索文章（如Medline/PubMed：93.4%；n = 325）。药剂师觉得自己没有能力使用统计分析软件（有点能力/没有能力：78.4%；n = 273）。大多数药剂师报告说，除了使用医学主题词进行搜索外，他们没有接受过执行大多数这些操作的正规教育。巴西医院可以访问书目数据库，然而，大多数药剂师（78.7%；n = 274）报告每天使用非特定的搜索引擎，如谷歌。这一结果可能反映了在书目数据库使用方面缺乏正规知识和培训以及英语语言方面的困难。巴西大多数从事临床实践的药剂师认识到需要扩展有关信息搜索工具的知识，尤其是那些专门用于临床活动的时间较少的药剂师（卡方检验，p = 0.006）。
这些结果将有助于确定信息技术领域药剂师培训的最低能力要求。在书目数据库、电子表格和统计工具的使用方面，知识和技能差距明显。
