Social Science Research Institute, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2424 Maile Way, #718, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
Division of Aquatic Resources, Department of Land and Natural Resources, 1151 Punchbowl St. #330, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2018 Jul;132:52-59. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.11.045. Epub 2017 Dec 20.
This study is the first to systematically quantify, categorize, and map marine macro-debris across the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI), including remote areas (e.g., Niihau, Kahoolawe, and northern Molokai). Aerial surveys were conducted over each island to collect high resolution photos, which were processed into orthorectified imagery and visually analyzed in GIS. The technique provided precise measurements of the quantity, location, type, and size of macro-debris (>0.05m), identifying 20,658 total debris items. Northeastern (windward) shorelines had the highest density of debris. Plastics, including nets, lines, buoys, floats, and foam, comprised 83% of the total count. In addition, the study located six vessels from the 2011 Tōhoku tsunami. These results created a baseline of the location, distribution, and composition of marine macro-debris across the MHI. Resource managers and communities may target high priority areas, particularly along remote coastlines where macro-debris counts were largely undocumented.
这项研究首次系统地量化、分类并绘制了主要夏威夷群岛（MHI）的海洋大型碎片图，包括偏远地区（如尼豪岛、卡胡拉威岛和莫洛凯岛北部）。对每个岛屿进行了航空调查以收集高分辨率照片，这些照片被处理成正射影像，并在 GIS 中进行了视觉分析。该技术可精确测量大型碎片（>0.05 米）的数量、位置、类型和大小，共识别出 20658 个碎片。东北（迎风）海岸线的碎片密度最高。塑料占总数的 83%，包括网、线、浮标、漂浮物和泡沫。此外，该研究还发现了 2011 年东北海啸中的六艘船只。这些结果为 MHI 海洋大型碎片的位置、分布和组成提供了基线。资源管理者和社区可以针对高优先级地区，特别是在大型碎片数量基本没有记录的偏远海岸线进行重点清理。
