Oregon State University, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365, USA.
Maritime Studies Program, Williams College-Mystic Seaport, 75 Greenmanville Avenue, Mystic, CT 06355, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2018 Jul;132:60-69. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.040. Epub 2017 Oct 31.
Biofouled debris from the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami has landed in the Northeast Pacific and along the Hawaiian Islands since 2012. As of 2017, >630 biofouled debris items with >320 living species of algae, invertebrates, and fish have been examined. The invasive mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis was present on >50% of those items. Size, reproduction, and growth of this filter-feeding species were examined to better understand long-distance rafting of a coastal species. The majority of mussels (79%) had developing or mature gametes, and growth rates averaged 0.075±0.018 SE mm/day. Structural and elemental (barium/calcium) analysis of mussel shells generated estimates of growth in coastal waters (mean=1.3 to 25mm total length), which provides an indication of residence times in waters along North America and the Hawaiian Islands prior to landing. Detailed studies of individual species contribute to our understanding of debris as a transport vector and aid efforts to evaluate potential risks associated with marine debris.
自 2012 年以来，2011 年东日本大地震和海啸的生物污染碎片已经在东北太平洋和夏威夷群岛登陆。截至 2017 年，已经检查了超过 630 件生物污染碎片，其中包含超过 320 种藻类、无脊椎动物和鱼类的活体物种。入侵贻贝厚壳贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）存在于超过 50%的这些物品上。对这种滤食性物种的大小、繁殖和生长进行了检查，以更好地了解沿海物种的远距离漂流。大多数贻贝（79%）有发育或成熟的配子，平均生长速度为 0.075±0.018 SE mm/天。贻贝壳的结构和元素（钡/钙）分析得出了在沿海水域生长的估计值（平均值为 1.3 至 25mm 全长），这表明在登陆前在北美和夏威夷群岛的水域中停留的时间。对个别物种的详细研究有助于我们了解碎片作为一种运输载体，并有助于评估与海洋碎片相关的潜在风险。
