Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, H-1089, Budapest, Hungary.
National Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, H-1145, Budapest, Hungary.
Sci Rep. 2017 Dec 22;7(1):18070. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-18124-0.
The shape of the EEG spectrum in sleep relies on genetic and anatomical factors and forms an individual "EEG fingerprint". Spectral components of EEG were shown to be connected to mental ability both in sleep and wakefulness. EEG sleep spindle correlates of intelligence, however, exhibit a sexual dimorphism, with a more pronounced association to intelligence in females than males. In a sample of 151 healthy individuals, we investigated how intelligence is related to spectral components of full-night sleep EEG, while controlling for the effects of age. A positive linear association between intelligence and REM anterior beta power was found in females but not males. Transient, spindle-like "REM beta tufts" are described in the EEG of healthy subjects, which may reflect the functioning of a recently described cingular-prefrontal emotion and motor regulation network. REM sleep frontal high delta power was a negative correlate of intelligence. NREM alpha and sigma spectral power correlations with intelligence did not unequivocally remain significant after multiple comparisons correction, but exhibited a similar sexual dimorphism. These results suggest that the neural oscillatory correlates of intelligence in sleep are sexually dimorphic, and they are not restricted to either sleep spindles or NREM sleep.
睡眠脑电图频谱的形态依赖于遗传和解剖因素，并形成个体的“脑电图指纹”。在睡眠和清醒状态下，脑电图的频谱成分都与智力有关。然而，睡眠纺锤波与智力的相关性存在性别二态性，女性与智力的相关性比男性更为显著。在 151 名健康个体的样本中，我们研究了智力与全夜睡眠脑电图的频谱成分之间的关系，同时控制了年龄的影响。在女性中发现了智力与 REM 前β功率之间的正线性关联，但在男性中则没有。在健康受试者的脑电图中描述了短暂的、纺锤状的“REM β丛”，这可能反映了最近描述的扣带-前额叶情绪和运动调节网络的功能。REM 睡眠额部高δ功率与智力呈负相关。经多次比较校正后，NREMα和σ与智力的光谱功率相关性不再具有统计学意义，但表现出类似的性别二态性。这些结果表明，睡眠中智力的神经振荡相关性存在性别二态性，并且不仅限于睡眠纺锤波或 NREM 睡眠。
