Peña Alexia S, Metz Michael
Discipline of Paediatrics, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2018 Apr;54(4):351-355. doi: 10.1111/jpc.13821. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
The diagnostic criteria for adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been derived from adult criteria, which makes diagnosis challenging as criteria include normal physiological events that occur during puberty such as acne, hirsutism, menstrual irregularities, high androgen levels and polycystic ovarian morphology on pelvic ultrasound. The only criteria that applies from the adult criteria is exclusion of other conditions that mimic PCOS. Clinical findings consistent with hyperandrogenaemia during adolescence include inflammatory acne, hirsutism, alopecia and/or menstrual irregularities, which are severe and present 2 years after menarche. The measurement of androgen levels during adolescence should take into account age, puberty, type of androgen measured, assay used and diurnal rhythm. Multiple measurements are useful to demonstrate hyperandrogenaemia. The combination, severity and persistence of the hyperandrogenic symptoms and hyperandrogenaemia in girls 2 years or more post-menarche support the diagnosis of adolescent PCOS. Adolescent girls with these findings should be followed up into adulthood.
青少年多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）的诊断标准源自成人标准，这使得诊断颇具挑战性，因为这些标准包含了青春期出现的正常生理现象，如痤疮、多毛、月经不规律、雄激素水平升高以及盆腔超声显示的多囊卵巢形态。成人标准中唯一适用的标准是排除其他类似PCOS的病症。青春期与高雄激素血症相符的临床表现包括炎性痤疮、多毛、脱发和/或月经不规律，这些症状严重且在初潮后2年出现。青春期雄激素水平的测量应考虑年龄、青春期阶段、所测雄激素类型、所用检测方法和昼夜节律。多次测量有助于证实高雄激素血症。初潮后2年或更长时间的女孩中，高雄激素症状和高雄激素血症的组合、严重程度及持续性支持青少年PCOS的诊断。有这些表现的青春期女孩应随访至成年期。
