Plana Natalie M, Kimberly Laura L, Parent Brendan, Khouri Kimberly S, Diaz-Siso J Rodrigo, Fryml Elise M, Motosko Catherine C, Ceradini Daniel J, Caplan Arthur, Rodriguez Eduardo D
New York, N.Y.
From the Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery and the Division of Medical Ethics, New York University Langone Medical Center.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Jan;141(1):176-185. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000003954.
Despite the growing success of facial transplantation, organ donor shortages remain challenging. Educational health campaigns can effectively inform the general public and institute behavioral modifications. A brief educational introduction to facial transplantation may positively influence the public's position on facial donation.
The authors anonymously surveyed 300 participants, gathering basic demographic information, donor registration status, awareness of facial transplantation, and willingness to donate solid organs and facial allografts. Two-hundred of these participants were presented an educational video and subsequently resurveyed on facial donation. Factorial parametric analyses were performed to compare exposure responses before and after watching video exposure.
Among participants completing the survey alone (control group), 49 percent were registered donors, 78 percent reported willingness to donate solid organs, and 52 percent reported willingness to donate facial allograft. Of participants who watched the video (video group) 52 percent were registered; 69 and 51 percent were willing to donate solid organs and face, respectively. Following educational intervention, 69 percent of participants in the video group reported willingness to donate facial tissue, an 18 percent increase (p < 0.05), that equated to those willing to donate solid organs. The greatest increase was observed among younger participants (23 percent); women (22 percent); Jewish (22 percent), Catholic (22 percent), and black/African American (25 percent) participants; and respondents holding a higher degree. No significant differences according to gender or ethnicity were observed.
Educational interventions hold much promise for increasing the general public's awareness of facial transplantation and willingness to participate in donation of facial allografts.
尽管面部移植越来越成功，但器官供体短缺仍然是一个挑战。健康教育活动可以有效地向公众宣传并促使行为改变。对面部移植进行简短的教育介绍可能会积极影响公众对面部捐赠的态度。
作者对300名参与者进行了匿名调查，收集基本人口统计学信息、器官捐赠登记状态、对面部移植的知晓情况以及捐赠实体器官和面部同种异体移植物的意愿。其中200名参与者观看了一个教育视频，随后再次就面部捐赠进行调查。进行析因参数分析以比较观看视频前后的反应。
在仅完成调查的参与者（对照组）中，49%是登记捐赠者，78%表示愿意捐赠实体器官，52%表示愿意捐赠面部同种异体移植物。观看视频的参与者（视频组）中，52%是登记捐赠者；分别有69%和51%愿意捐赠实体器官和面部。经过教育干预后，视频组中69%的参与者表示愿意捐赠面部组织，增加了18%（p<0.05），这与愿意捐赠实体器官的比例相当。在年轻参与者（23%）、女性（22%）、犹太教（22%）、天主教（22%）和黑人/非裔美国人（25%）参与者以及拥有更高学历的受访者中观察到最大增幅。未观察到按性别或种族划分的显著差异。
教育干预在提高公众对面部移植的认识以及参与面部同种异体移植物捐赠的意愿方面很有前景。
