School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2017 Dec 28;17(1):296. doi: 10.1186/s12877-017-0686-y.
Hypertension is considered a major public health challenge. It is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is a prominent risk for China's elderly population. However, few studies have addressed the effect of blood pressure control on elderly hypertension patients in China. In response, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and control of hypertension in the elderly population in Shanghai's communities.
A secondary data analysis based on a government-financed health check-up program for an elderly population aged 65 and older from 2012 to 2014 was conducted in a central district of Shanghai.
Of the 44,978 study participants, 20,305 (45.1%) were males and 24,673 (54.9%) were females. The participants' median age was 72. Half of the participants were overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m). The prevalence of hypertension was 59.9%. In the 18,032 participants without prior diagnosis of hypertension, 5530 (30.7%) had increased blood pressure. Among the 26,946 confirmed hypertension patients, the proportions of treatment and blood pressure control were 32.8% and 43.4% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the uncontrolled hypertension was significantly associated with older age, being overweight or obese, a lower level of education, an unbalanced dietary pattern, regular drinking and non-comorbidities.
The prevalence of hypertension was high in China's elderly population. The proportion of individuals who received treatment remained low, and blood pressure control was poor among hypertension patients. These results indicate that improvement of the ability to manage and control hypertension among urban elderly residents is urgently needed.
高血压被认为是一个主要的公共卫生挑战。它是心血管疾病最重要的危险因素，也是中国老年人口的一个突出风险。然而，很少有研究探讨血压控制对中国老年高血压患者的影响。有鉴于此，本研究旨在调查上海社区老年人口高血压的患病率和控制情况。
对 2012 年至 2014 年上海市一个中心区政府资助的 65 岁及以上老年人健康检查计划进行了二次数据分析。
在 44978 名研究参与者中，20305 名（45.1%）为男性，24673 名（54.9%）为女性。参与者的中位年龄为 72 岁。一半的参与者超重或肥胖（BMI≥24.0kg/m）。高血压患病率为 59.9%。在 18032 名无高血压既往诊断的参与者中，5530 名（30.7%）血压升高。在 26946 名确诊高血压患者中，治疗和血压控制的比例分别为 32.8%和 43.4%。多变量分析显示，未控制的高血压与年龄较大、超重或肥胖、教育程度较低、饮食模式不平衡、有规律的饮酒和无合并症显著相关。
中国老年人口高血压患病率较高。接受治疗的人数比例仍然较低，高血压患者的血压控制情况较差。这些结果表明，迫切需要提高城市老年居民管理和控制高血压的能力。
