Zychlinsky Scharff Anna, Albert Matthew L, Ingersoll Molly A
Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U818.
Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U818; Genentech.
J Vis Exp. 2017 Dec 1(130):54432. doi: 10.3791/54432.
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are extremely common worldwide, incurring significant morbidity and healthcare-associated expenses. Small animal models, which accurately reflect disease establishment and progression, permit dissection of host-pathogen interactions and generation of immunity to infection. In mice, intravesical instillation of uropathogenic E. coli, the causative agent in more than 85% of community acquired UTI, recapitulates many of the stages of infection observed in humans. Until recently, however, UTI could only be modeled in female animals. This limitation has hindered the study of sex-related differences in UTI, as well as other bladder pathologies, such as cancer. Here, we describe a method to instill male mice that allows direct comparison between female and male animals and provide a detailed protocol to assess bladder tissue by flow cytometry as a means to better understand host responses to infection. Together, these approaches will aid in the identification of host factors that contribute to sex biases observed in UTI and other bladder-associated diseases.
尿路感染（UTI）在全球极为常见，会引发严重的发病率以及与医疗保健相关的费用。能够准确反映疾病发生和发展的小动物模型，有助于剖析宿主与病原体的相互作用以及产生抗感染免疫力。在小鼠中，经膀胱灌注尿路致病性大肠杆菌（超过85%的社区获得性UTI的病原体）可重现人类感染的许多阶段。然而，直到最近，UTI仅能在雌性动物中建模。这一限制阻碍了对UTI以及其他膀胱疾病（如癌症）中性别相关差异的研究。在此，我们描述了一种给雄性小鼠灌注的方法，该方法能使雌性和雄性动物之间进行直接比较，并提供了一份详细方案，通过流式细胞术评估膀胱组织，以此更好地理解宿主对感染的反应。总之，这些方法将有助于识别导致UTI和其他膀胱相关疾病中观察到的性别偏差的宿主因素。
