Mytsyk Yu O, Borys Yu B, Datz I V, Manyuk L V, Ilchyshyn O S, Soldatenko O Ya, Danyleychenko I V, Makogonov I O, Skaletska N M
Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Pekarska str., 69, 79010, Ukraine.
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol. 2017 Dec;22:69-78.
One of the effects of the ionizing radiation on the cell is the emergence of genetic mutations which may lead to cancer development. The patients' exposure dose during diagnostics of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by means of ordinary CT amounts to 5 mGy (5 mSv) and it can rise up to 50 mGy (5mSV) in the setting of multiphase scan. Until recent times, the evaluation of a risk for the cancer development caused by such relatively small doses of radiation exposure has been considered unnecessary. Nowadays, the influence of ionizing radiation during diagnostic pro cedures has been proved to increase the risk of cancer development significantly. The multiphase CT, routinely used in RCC diagnostics, results in 1 case of radiation induced cancer per 250 (180-370) scans in female and per 330 (240-490) scans in male individuals. There is a proved association between CN scans in dose > 7,5 mSv and patients' DNA damage. Thus, one of the ways to avoid radiation exposure of the patients with RCC is wider appli cation of MRI and X ray tubes of decreased voltage, however, further investigations in this field are still required.
电离辐射对细胞的影响之一是出现基因突变，这可能导致癌症的发生。通过普通CT诊断肾细胞癌（RCC）时患者的暴露剂量为5毫戈瑞（5毫希沃特），在多期扫描情况下可能会升至50毫戈瑞（5毫希沃特）。直到最近，人们一直认为评估由如此相对小剂量的辐射暴露引起的癌症发生风险是不必要的。如今，已证明诊断过程中的电离辐射影响会显著增加癌症发生风险。RCC诊断中常规使用的多期CT，在女性中每250（180 - 370）次扫描会导致1例辐射诱发癌症，在男性个体中每330（240 - 490）次扫描会导致1例。已证实剂量>7.5毫希沃特的CT扫描与患者DNA损伤之间存在关联。因此，避免RCC患者辐射暴露的方法之一是更广泛地应用MRI和降低电压的X射线管，然而，该领域仍需进一步研究。
