Kulikov Anatoly, Jerger Markus, Potočnik Anton, Wallraff Andreas, Fedorov Arkady
ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, Queensland 4072, Australia.
School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
Phys Rev Lett. 2017 Dec 15;119(24):240501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.240501. Epub 2017 Dec 11.
Random numbers are required for a variety of applications from secure communications to Monte Carlo simulation. Yet randomness is an asymptotic property, and no output string generated by a physical device can be strictly proven to be random. We report an experimental realization of a quantum random number generator (QRNG) with randomness certified by quantum contextuality and the Kochen-Specker theorem. The certification is not performed in a device-independent way but through a rigorous theoretical proof of each outcome being value indefinite even in the presence of experimental imperfections. The analysis of the generated data confirms the incomputable nature of our QRNG.
从安全通信到蒙特卡罗模拟，各种应用都需要随机数。然而，随机性是一种渐近性质，物理设备生成的任何输出字符串都无法被严格证明是随机的。我们报告了一种量子随机数发生器（QRNG）的实验实现，其随机性由量子语境性和科亨-施佩克尔定理认证。这种认证并非以与设备无关的方式进行，而是通过严格的理论证明，即即使存在实验缺陷，每个结果的值也是不确定的。对生成数据的分析证实了我们的QRNG具有不可计算的性质。
