Department of Psychology, University of Tromsø, Norway.
Department of Psychology, University of Tromsø, Norway.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2018 Oct;51:46-67. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.12.006. Epub 2017 Dec 26.
Sexual attraction has two components: Emission of sexually attractive stimuli and responsiveness to these stimuli. In rodents, olfactory stimuli are necessary but not sufficient for attraction. We argue that body odors are far superior to odors from excreta (urine, feces) as sexual attractants. Body odors are produced by sebaceous glands all over the body surface and in specialized glands. In primates, visual stimuli, for example the sexual skin, are more important than olfactory. The role of gonadal hormones for the production of and responsiveness to odorants is well established. Both the androgen and the estrogen receptor α are important in male as well as in female rodents. Also in primates, gonadal hormones are necessary for the responsiveness to sexual attractants. In males, the androgen receptor is sufficient for sustaining responsiveness. In female non-human primates, estrogens are needed, whereas androgens seem to contribute to responsiveness in women.
性吸引刺激的释放和对这些刺激的反应。在啮齿动物中，嗅觉刺激是必要的，但不足以引起吸引力。我们认为体臭作为性引诱物远远优于排泄物（尿液、粪便）的气味。体臭是由全身皮肤表面和专门的腺体中的皮脂腺产生的。在灵长类动物中，视觉刺激，例如性皮肤，比嗅觉更重要。性腺激素在产生和对气味的反应中的作用已得到充分证实。雄激素和雌激素受体 α 在雄性和雌性啮齿动物中都很重要。在灵长类动物中，性腺激素对性吸引力的反应也是必要的。在男性中，雄激素受体足以维持反应能力。在非人类灵长类动物中，雌激素是必需的，而雄激素似乎对女性的反应有贡献。
