Rafeek R A M, Divarathna M V M, Noordeen F
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
Virusdisease. 2017 Sep;28(3):225-232. doi: 10.1007/s13337-017-0390-8. Epub 2017 Jul 18.
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately one billion people are infected and up to 500,000 people die from influenza each year in the world. Influenza is considered to be the greatest killer of the human populations, due to the 1918 Spanish flu, which killed millions around the world. Despite the effective treatment available against influenza, it still contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. Currently circulating influenza strains in humans include influenza A (H1N1)pdm09, influenza A (H3N2) and influenza B viruses, (B/Victoria and B/Yamagata). Influenza has been prevalent in Sri Lanka from 1969, since then it continued to cause morbidity and mortality in children and adults. The current global influenza surveillance network monitors the global influenza activity through WHO collaborating centres. The Medical Research Institute monitors and diagnoses influenza cases in the country as part of the WHO network laboratories. Vaccinations to high risk groups and antiviral therapy for the successful prevention of influenza have been practiced in Sri Lanka. This review highlights the impact of influenza on public health in Sri Lanka including the historical aspects, current diagnostic practices and prevention approaches in high risk individuals in the country.
世界卫生组织（WHO）估计，全球每年约有10亿人感染流感，多达50万人死于流感。由于1918年的西班牙流感导致全球数百万人死亡，流感被认为是人类的最大杀手。尽管有有效的流感治疗方法，但它仍然导致大量发病和死亡。目前在人类中传播的流感毒株包括甲型流感（H1N1）pdm09、甲型流感（H3N2）和乙型流感病毒（B/维多利亚和B/山形）。自1969年以来，流感在斯里兰卡一直很普遍，此后它继续在儿童和成人中导致发病和死亡。当前的全球流感监测网络通过世卫组织合作中心监测全球流感活动。作为世卫组织网络实验室的一部分，医学研究所负责监测和诊断该国的流感病例。斯里兰卡已对高危人群进行疫苗接种，并采用抗病毒疗法成功预防流感。本综述强调了流感对斯里兰卡公共卫生的影响，包括该国流感的历史情况、当前的诊断方法以及高危人群的预防措施。
