Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Departamento de Medicina Social, Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Departamento de Medicina Social, Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2018 Jul-Aug;94(4):351-367. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.10.010. Epub 2017 Dec 30.
To review the literature on interventions planned to prevent the incidence of injuries in childhood.
The PubMed, Web of Science, and Bireme databases were searched by two independent reviewers, employing the single terms accidents, accident, injuries, injury, clinical trial, intervention, educational intervention, and multiple interventions, and their combinations, present in the article title or abstract, with no limits except period of publication (2006-2016) and studies in human subjects.
Initially, 11,097 titles were located. Fifteen articles were selected for the review. Eleven were randomized trials (four carried out at the children's households, five in pediatric healthcare services, and two at schools), and four were non-randomized trials carried out at the children's households. Four of the randomized trials were analyzed by intention-to-treat and a protective effect of the intervention was observed: decrease in the number of risk factors, decrease in the number of medical consultations due to injuries, decrease in the prevalence of risk behaviors, and increase of the parents' knowledge regarding injury prevention in childhood.
Traumatic injuries in childhood are amenable to primary prevention through strategies that consider the child's age and level of development, as well as structural aspects of the environment.
回顾旨在预防儿童伤害发生的干预措施的文献。
两位独立审查员在 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Bireme 数据库中检索，使用的单一术语包括事故、意外、损伤、伤害、临床试验、干预、教育干预和多种干预措施，以及文章标题或摘要中出现的这些术语的组合，除了出版时间（2006-2016 年）和以人为对象的研究外，没有其他限制。
最初，共检索到 11,097 个标题。有 15 篇文章被选中进行综述。其中 11 项为随机试验（4 项在儿童家庭中进行，5 项在儿科保健服务中进行，2 项在学校进行），4 项为非随机试验在儿童家庭中进行。其中 4 项随机试验进行了意向治疗分析，观察到干预具有保护作用：危险因素数量减少，因伤害而就诊的次数减少，伤害风险行为的流行率降低，以及父母对儿童伤害预防的知识增加。
儿童创伤性损伤可通过考虑儿童年龄和发育水平以及环境结构方面的策略进行初级预防。
