Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2024 Oct 18;40(10):e00036224. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XEN036224. eCollection 2024.
Accidents in childhood have a high morbidity and mortality rate and are often preventable, which reinforces the importance of educational measures to prevent unintentional injuries. This study aimed to identify and describe useful educational strategies for preventing childhood accidents in communities. This systematic review was guided by PRISMA (2020) and registered on the PROSPERO platform (ID: CRD42024500956). A search strategy was developed by combining the descriptors "Accident Prevention", "Child", and "Health Education" with the Boolean operator AND, applied to the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILACS, and SciELO databases. A total of 5,037 studies were located, including observational articles published from 2018 to 2023, with children aged 0-12 years and/or their parents/caregivers. The quality of the studies was assessed based on the Qualitative Studies Checklist and the Research Triangle Institute Item Bank instruments. The bibliographic sample consisted of 30 articles, mostly classified as high quality, with a population of 4,510 adults and 54,190 children from various countries. Educational strategies for accident prevention were described, aimed at parents and guardians, children, and both. This review, addressing innovative educational strategies for preventing childhood accidents, highlights playful approaches for children and visual methods for caregivers. Implementation faces challenges related to evaluation and socioeconomic factors, making rigorous criteria and prolonged follow-ups important for continuous effectiveness.
儿童事故具有较高的发病率和死亡率，且往往是可以预防的，这就凸显了开展教育措施预防意外伤害的重要性。本研究旨在识别和描述用于预防社区儿童事故的有用教育策略。本系统评价遵循 PRISMA（2020 年）并在 PROSPERO 平台（ID：CRD42024500956）上进行了注册。通过将“事故预防”“儿童”和“健康教育”这三个术语与布尔运算符“AND”相结合，制定了一个搜索策略，将其应用于 PubMed/MEDLINE、Web of Science、LILACS 和 SciELO 数据库。共定位到 5037 项研究，包括 2018 年至 2023 年发表的观察性文章，涉及 0-12 岁的儿童及其父母/照顾者。根据定性研究清单和研究三角研究所项目库工具对研究质量进行了评估。文献样本由 30 篇文章组成，这些文章大多被归类为高质量研究，涉及来自不同国家的 4510 名成年人和 54190 名儿童。描述了预防事故的教育策略，其目标人群是父母/监护人、儿童以及两者。本研究重点关注预防儿童事故的创新性教育策略，强调了针对儿童的游戏方法和针对照顾者的可视化方法。实施面临与评估和社会经济因素相关的挑战，因此严格的标准和长期的随访对于保持持续有效性非常重要。
