Pedro João M, Brito Miguel, Barros Henrique
CISA, Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Angola, Caxito, Angola; EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. Email:
Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Cardiovasc J Afr. 2018;29(2):73-81. doi: 10.5830/CVJA-2017-047. Epub 2017 Dec 14.
To estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolaemia in an Angolan population aged 15 to 64 years and to determine relationships with sociodemographic, behavioural and anthropometric characteristics.
A total of 2 354 individuals were assessed for behavioural, sociodemographic and physical characteristics in a cross-sectional, community-based survey. Post-stratification survey weights were applied to obtain prevalence levels. Adjusted odds ratios for each variable related to the conditions were calculated using logistic regression models.
Overall, the prevalence of hypertension was 18.0%, diabetes 9.2% and hypercholesterolaemia 4.0%. Among hypertensive individuals, the awareness rate was 48.5%; 15.8% were on treatment and 9.1% had their blood pressure controlled. Only 10.8% were aware they had diabetes, 4.5% were on treatment and 2.7% were controlled. The awareness level for hypercholesterolaemia was 4.2%, with 1.4% individuals on treatment and 1.4% controlled.
The prevalence levels of hypertension and diabetes, which were higher than previous findings for the region, together with the observed low rates of awareness, treatment and control of all conditions studied, constitute an additional challenge to the regional health structures, which must rapidly adapt to the epidemiological shift occurring in this population.
评估安哥拉15至64岁人群中高血压、糖尿病和高胆固醇血症的患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率，并确定其与社会人口学、行为和人体测量特征之间的关系。
在一项基于社区的横断面调查中，对总共2354人进行了行为、社会人口学和身体特征评估。应用事后分层调查权重以获得患病率水平。使用逻辑回归模型计算与这些疾病相关的每个变量的调整比值比。
总体而言，高血压患病率为18.0%，糖尿病为9.2%，高胆固醇血症为4.0%。在高血压患者中，知晓率为48.5%；15.8%正在接受治疗，9.1%的血压得到控制。只有10.8%的人知道自己患有糖尿病，4.5%正在接受治疗，2.7%得到控制。高胆固醇血症的知晓率为4.2%，1.4%的人正在接受治疗，1.4%得到控制。
高血压和糖尿病的患病率高于该地区先前的研究结果，同时所有研究疾病的知晓率、治疗率和控制率均较低，这对该地区的卫生机构构成了额外挑战，这些机构必须迅速适应这一人群中发生的流行病学转变。
