Department of Epidemiology, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Health Promotion, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
J Diabetes Res. 2019 Sep 3;2019:5869206. doi: 10.1155/2019/5869206. eCollection 2019.
This study is aimed at estimating the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and glycemic control of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its associated factors in an Iranian Kurdish population.
Baseline data of the Ravansar Non-communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study, consisting of adults aged 35-65 years, were used. Diabetes was defined as a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of 126 mg/dl or higher, being on diabetes medication, and/or diabetes confirmed by a health practitioner.
Nine thousand nine hundred ninety-nine participants were assigned to this study. The prevalence of DM, awareness, treatment, and glycemic control of DM were 8.19, 74.97, 74.75, and 32.68, respectively. Based on the adjusted models, increased age ( < 0.01); obesity or overweight ( < 0.01); being ex-smoker ( < 0.05); suffering from dyslipidemia ( < 0.01), hypertension ( < 0.01), or both of them ( < 0.01); and positive family history in the first-degree relatives ( < 0.01) were strongly associated with a high risk of DM, while engagement in regular physical activity ( < 0.05) was a protective factor. Female gender ( < 0.01), being older than 55 years, positive family history in the first-degree relatives ( < 0.01), suffering from both hypertension and dyslipidemia ( < 0.01), and obesity or overweight ( < 0.005) were negatively associated with DM awareness. Being married and widowed ( < 0.05 and <0.05) and a high BMI ( < 0.01) were strong predictors of receiving treatment for DM. Six to nine years of schooling ( < 0.05) and suffering from hypertension ( < 0.05) increased the probability of DM being controlled.
When the prevalence of DM is notable, awareness and probability of receiving treatment and controlling FPG are of particular importance. A considerable proportion of the patients were aware and on treatment, which may partly be due to improving primary health care services in Iran.
本研究旨在估计伊朗库尔德人群中糖尿病（DM）的患病率、知晓率、治疗率和血糖控制情况及其相关因素。
本研究使用了 Ravansar 非传染性疾病（RaNCD）队列研究的基线数据，该研究纳入了 35-65 岁的成年人。糖尿病的定义为空腹血糖（FPG）≥126mg/dl、正在服用糖尿病药物或经医生确诊为糖尿病。
本研究共纳入了 9999 名参与者。DM 的患病率、知晓率、治疗率和血糖控制率分别为 8.19%、74.97%、74.75%和 32.68%。基于调整后的模型，年龄增加（<0.01）；肥胖或超重（<0.01）；曾经吸烟（<0.05）；血脂异常（<0.01）、高血压（<0.01）或两者均有（<0.01）；一级亲属中有糖尿病家族史（<0.01）与 DM 风险增加密切相关，而定期进行体育锻炼（<0.05）则是一个保护因素。女性（<0.01）、年龄大于 55 岁、一级亲属中有糖尿病家族史（<0.01）、同时患有高血压和血脂异常（<0.01）、肥胖或超重（<0.005）与 DM 的知晓率呈负相关。已婚和丧偶（<0.05 和<0.05）以及高 BMI（<0.01）是接受 DM 治疗的强烈预测因素。接受 6-9 年学校教育（<0.05）和患有高血压（<0.05）会增加 DM 得到控制的概率。
当 DM 的患病率较高时，提高 DM 的知晓率、治疗率和控制血糖水平尤为重要。相当一部分患者已经知晓并接受治疗，这可能部分归因于伊朗改善了初级卫生保健服务。
