Department of Economics, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Department of Economics, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Child Abuse Negl. 2018 Mar;77:13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.12.019. Epub 2017 Dec 30.
Development economists and policy makers have in recent times focused attention on child poverty as a crucial aspect of poverty. The importance of the analysis of child poverty partly lies in the fact that children are the most vulnerable group in every society. This study used two poverty lines and the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke index to analyze extreme and overall child poverty headcount, depth and severity in Nigeria. The study also used the headcount ratio to analyze the extent of child deprivation in education, health, nutrition, child protection, water and sanitation. The study was based on the 2010 Harmonized Nigeria Living Standard Survey (HNLSS) and the 2011 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Abuja, Nigeria. The study revealed that 23.22% of children in Nigeria were in extreme child poverty while 70.31% of children in the country were in overall child poverty. The study further showed that there was pronounced child deprivation in education, health, nutrition, child protection, water and sanitation. Both child poverty and child deprivation were more pronounced in the rural sector than in the urban sector and in Northern Nigeria than in Southern Nigeria. Therefore, the Nigerian government should take adequate steps to eradicate child poverty and obliterate all forms of child deprivation in Nigeria - particularly deprivation in basic needs. In taking such steps, more attention should be focused on rural areas and Northern Nigeria.
近年来，发展经济学家和政策制定者将儿童贫困作为贫困的一个关键方面引起了关注。分析儿童贫困的重要性部分在于儿童是每个社会中最脆弱的群体。本研究使用两条贫困线和福斯特-格雷厄姆-索比克指数，分析了尼日利亚极端和总体儿童贫困人数、深度和严重程度。本研究还使用人口比例来分析儿童在教育、健康、营养、儿童保护、水和卫生方面的剥夺程度。该研究基于 2010 年尼日利亚统一生活标准调查（HNLSS）和 2011 年多指标类集调查（MICS），数据来自尼日利亚阿布贾国家统计局（NBS）。研究表明，尼日利亚有 23.22%的儿童处于极端儿童贫困状态，而该国 70.31%的儿童处于总体儿童贫困状态。研究进一步表明，在教育、健康、营养、儿童保护、水和卫生方面存在明显的儿童剥夺现象。农村地区的儿童贫困和儿童剥夺现象比城市地区更为严重，而尼日利亚北部比南部更为严重。因此，尼日利亚政府应采取适当措施消除儿童贫困，消除尼日利亚所有形式的儿童剥夺，特别是基本需求方面的剥夺。在采取这些措施时，应更加关注农村地区和尼日利亚北部。
