Chima Victor, Oyinlola Funmilola F, Kupoluyi Joseph A, Tekun Segun, Anyanyo Ifeyinwa U
Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Centre for Sustainable Development, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2025 Aug 1;5(8):e0003796. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003796. eCollection 2025.
Child health deprivations differ by socio-cultural differences and some demographic and socio-economic factors. Deprivation may be more pronounced by the geo-political zones/regions in Nigeria given the differences in their socio-cultural, education, religion, and economic particularly between the North and the South geo-political zones. Thus, this study examined regional variations in child health deprivation and its associated factors in Nigeria. The 2021 Nigeria Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was used for the study. A weighted sample size of 26,639 under-five children was analysed using STATA SE Version 14. Data were analysed using different descriptive statistics to examine regional variations in child health deprivation. Pearson's Chi-square and Binary logistic regression were performed to determine associated factors influencing child health deprivation in Nigeria at p < 0.05 level of significance. Results showed that nearly all children (96%) experience at least a deprivation in healthcare with a slight variation across regions in Nigeria. Child health deprivation was higher in the Northern regions than in the Southern regions. Interestingly, when compared to those who were not deprived, the Southwest region had the highest percentage of children who were not deprived (5%). The study also found lower odds of child health deprivation between children aged four (4) (OR = 0.65, 95%CI [0.50-0.85], p < 0.05), whose household head had tertiary education (OR = 0.19, 95%CI [0.13-0.28], p < 0.05), and from richest wealth index (OR = 0.06, 95%CI [0.04-0.10], p < 0.05). The study concludes that health deprivation is high among children in Nigeria irrespective of region of residence. Household and other factors have effects on the deprivation of healthcare for children according to the region of residence. This accentuates the need for a comprehensive review of policies and strategies related to health insurance schemes, and vaccination programs targeting under-five children in Nigeria.
儿童健康剥夺因社会文化差异以及一些人口和社会经济因素而有所不同。鉴于尼日利亚不同地缘政治区/地区在社会文化、教育、宗教和经济方面的差异，尤其是南北地缘政治区之间的差异，健康剥夺情况可能更为明显。因此，本研究调查了尼日利亚儿童健康剥夺的地区差异及其相关因素。本研究使用了2021年尼日利亚多指标类集调查（MICS）。使用STATA SE 14版本对26639名五岁以下儿童的加权样本量进行了分析。使用不同的描述性统计方法分析数据，以研究儿童健康剥夺的地区差异。进行了Pearson卡方检验和二元逻辑回归，以确定在p < 0.05的显著性水平下影响尼日利亚儿童健康剥夺的相关因素。结果显示，几乎所有儿童（96%）至少经历过一次医疗保健方面的剥夺，尼日利亚各地区之间略有差异。北部地区的儿童健康剥夺情况高于南部地区。有趣的是，与未被剥夺的儿童相比，西南部地区未被剥夺的儿童比例最高（5%）。该研究还发现，四岁儿童（OR = 0.65，95%CI [0.50 - 0.85]，p < 0.05）、户主拥有高等教育学历的儿童（OR = 0.19，95%CI [0.13 - 0.28]，p < 0.05）以及来自最富有财富指数组的儿童（OR = 0.06，95%CI [0.04 - 0.10]，p < 0.05）经历儿童健康剥夺的几率较低。该研究得出结论，无论居住地区如何，尼日利亚儿童的健康剥夺情况都很严重。家庭和其他因素根据居住地区对儿童获得医疗保健的剥夺情况产生影响。这凸显了全面审查与尼日利亚五岁以下儿童健康保险计划和疫苗接种计划相关的政策和战略的必要性。
