Kang L, Jia X C, Lu F, Zhou W H, Chen R
Zhengzhou Railway Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2017 Oct 20;35(10):737-741. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.10.005.
To investigate the current status of job stress in locomotive attendants in a locomotive depot and related influencing factors. From 2012 to 2013, cluster sampling was used to select 1500 locomotive attendants in a locomotive depot in Zhengzhou Railway Bureau as respondents.The contents of the investigation included general data and occupational information.A job satisfaction questionnaire was used to investigate the degree of satisfaction, a depression scale was used to investigate the frequency of symptoms, and a daily stress scale was used to investigate the frequency of fatigue and stress. There was a significant difference in depression score between locomotive attendants with different ages, working years, degrees of education, working situations of spouse, total monthly family incomes, numbers of times of attendanceat night, monthly numbers of times of attendance,ormonthly attendance times(<0.05). There was a significant difference in job satisfaction score between locomotive attendants with different ages,working years, degrees of education, working situations of spouse, total monthly family incomes, numbers of times of attendance at night, monthly attendance times,or ways to work(<0.05). There was a significant difference in daily stress score between locomotive attendants with different ages, working years, marital status,working situations of spouse, total monthly family incomes, types of work,numbers of times of attendance at night,monthly attendance times,attendance times at night,or ways to work(<0.05). The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the type of locomotive was positively correlated with job satisfaction(=1.546)and monthly number of times of attendance,working years,attendance time at night,and degree of education were negatively correlated with job satisfaction(=-0.185,-0.097,-0.020,and -1.106); monthly number of times of attendance andcommute time were positively correlated with depression(=0.243 and 0.029); attendance time at night,working situation of spouse,commute time,monthly number of times of attendance,degree of education,and working years were positively correlated with daily stress(=0.006,0.473,0.010,0.043,0.585, and 0.028). Number of times of attendance, attendance time,working years,and spouse are influencing factors for job stress in locomotive attendants. Improvement in work process and care for their personal life help to reduce the level of job stress.
调查某机务段机车乘务员工作压力现状及相关影响因素。2012年至2013年，采用整群抽样法选取郑州铁路局某机务段1500名机车乘务员作为调查对象。调查内容包括一般资料和职业信息。采用工作满意度问卷调查满意度程度，采用抑郁量表调查症状出现频率，采用日常压力量表调查疲劳和压力出现频率。不同年龄、工作年限、文化程度、配偶工作情况、家庭月总收入、夜间出勤次数、月出勤次数或月出勤时长的机车乘务员抑郁得分差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。不同年龄、工作年限、文化程度、配偶工作情况、家庭月总收入、夜间出勤次数、月出勤次数或工作方式的机车乘务员工作满意度得分差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。不同年龄、工作年限、婚姻状况、配偶工作情况、家庭月总收入、工作类型、夜间出勤次数、月出勤次数、夜间出勤时长或工作方式的机车乘务员日常压力得分差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。多元逐步回归分析显示，机车类型与工作满意度呈正相关（=1.546），月出勤次数、工作年限、夜间出勤时长和文化程度与工作满意度呈负相关（=-0.185、-0.097、-0.020和-1.106）；月出勤次数和通勤时间与抑郁呈正相关（=0.243和0.029）；夜间出勤时长、配偶工作情况、通勤时间、月出勤次数、文化程度和工作年限与日常压力呈正相关（=0.006、0.473、0.010、0.043、0.585和0.028）。出勤次数、出勤时长、工作年限和配偶是机车乘务员工作压力的影响因素。改善工作流程和关注其个人生活有助于降低工作压力水平。
