Schwab-Reese Laura M, Parker Edith A, Peek-Asa Corinne
University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2020 Mar;35(5-6):1251-1268. doi: 10.1177/0886260517696841. Epub 2017 Mar 9.
Three dopamine genes (DAT1, DRD2, and DRD4) have been associated with interpersonal delinquency, aggression, and violence when individuals experience adverse environmental exposures. Guided by the catalyst model of aggression, risk alleles identified in previous studies were hypothesized to be associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration in the presence of financial stressors, a possible environmental trigger. This hypothesis was tested using weighted, clustered logistic regression with data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. The direct effects DAT1, DRD2, and DRD4 on IPV perpetration, and the interaction of DAT1, DRD2, and DRD4 and financial stressors on IPV perpetration were assessed. Due to cell size, only White men and women were included in this analysis. Increasing number of financial stressors was associated with increased odds of IPV perpetration, regardless of DAT1, DRD2, and DRD4 alleles. As predicted, increasing number of financial stressors was more strongly associated with IPV perpetration among individuals with high-risk DAT1 alleles, than individuals with low-risk alleles. However, this relationship was inverted for DRD2. Although there was still a significant interaction between DRD2 and financial stressors, individuals with low-risk alleles had higher odds of IPV perpetration in the presence of financial stressors. A similar, nonsignificant relationship was found for DRD4. These findings indicate that these genes may interact differently with environmental exposures and types of violent behavior. In addition, the findings may, if replicated, suggest dopamine plays a different role in IPV perpetration compared with other forms of aggression and violence.
当个体经历不良环境暴露时，三个多巴胺基因（DAT1、DRD2和DRD4）与人际犯罪、攻击行为和暴力行为有关。在攻击行为的催化剂模型指导下，先前研究中确定的风险等位基因被假设在存在经济压力源（一种可能的环境触发因素）的情况下与亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）犯罪有关。使用来自青少年到成人健康全国纵向研究的数据，通过加权聚类逻辑回归对这一假设进行了检验。评估了DAT1、DRD2和DRD4对IPV犯罪的直接影响，以及DAT1、DRD2和DRD4与经济压力源对IPV犯罪的相互作用。由于单元格大小的原因，本分析仅纳入了白人男性和女性。无论DAT1、DRD2和DRD4等位基因如何，经济压力源数量的增加与IPV犯罪几率的增加相关。正如预测的那样，与低风险等位基因个体相比，高风险DAT1等位基因个体中，经济压力源数量的增加与IPV犯罪的关联更强。然而，DRD2的情况则相反。尽管DRD2与经济压力源之间仍存在显著的相互作用，但在存在经济压力源的情况下，低风险等位基因个体的IPV犯罪几率更高。DRD4也发现了类似的、不显著的关系。这些发现表明，这些基因可能与环境暴露和暴力行为类型的相互作用方式不同。此外，如果这些发现得到重复验证，可能表明多巴胺在IPV犯罪中所起的作用与其他形式的攻击和暴力行为不同。
