Cau Boaventura M
Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique.
Centro de Pesquisa em População e Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique.
J Interpers Violence. 2020 Aug;35(15-16):2754-2779. doi: 10.1177/0886260517704960. Epub 2017 Apr 21.
Violence against women is considered a serious public health problem. It is estimated that about 30% of women who have been in a relationship in the world have experienced some form of physical or sexual violence from their intimate partners. In sub-Saharan Africa, one of the regions in the world with the highest prevalence of intimate partner violence, there have been studies of factors associated with intimate partner violence. However, few studies have explicitly examined the influence of the normative social context on women's accepting attitudes toward spousal abuse and their risk of experiencing intimate partner violence in the region. Using data from the 2011 Demographic and Health Survey in Mozambique, we employ multilevel logistic regression to examine the influence of area-level normative social context factors on 4,864 women's accepting attitudes toward spousal abuse and their likelihood of experiencing intimate partner physical violence in Mozambique. Our findings revealed the importance of religious norms in geographic areas as key predictors of women's acceptance of intimate partner violence. Specifically, area-level normative religious predictors were negatively associated with women's acceptance of spousal abuse. The prevalence of early marriages in a given geographic area was positively associated with both acceptance of spousal abuse and experiencing intimate partner physical violence. The level of female education in a geographic area was negatively associated with accepting spousal abuse and having experienced intimate partner physical violence. As intimate partner physical violence in sub-Saharan Africa continues unabated, programs and interventions to address the problem will need to consider the normative context of geographic areas.
对妇女的暴力行为被视为一个严重的公共卫生问题。据估计，全球约30%处于恋爱关系中的女性曾遭受来自亲密伴侣的某种形式的身体暴力或性暴力。在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，这是世界上亲密伴侣暴力发生率最高的地区之一，已有关于亲密伴侣暴力相关因素的研究。然而，在该地区，很少有研究明确考察规范性社会背景对女性接受配偶虐待态度以及她们遭受亲密伴侣暴力风险的影响。利用莫桑比克2011年人口与健康调查的数据，我们采用多层次逻辑回归来考察地区层面规范性社会背景因素对莫桑比克4864名女性接受配偶虐待态度及其遭受亲密伴侣身体暴力可能性的影响。我们的研究结果揭示了地理区域内宗教规范作为女性接受亲密伴侣暴力的关键预测因素的重要性。具体而言，地区层面规范性宗教预测因素与女性接受配偶虐待呈负相关。特定地理区域内早婚的普遍程度与接受配偶虐待以及遭受亲密伴侣身体暴力均呈正相关。地理区域内女性的教育水平与接受配偶虐待以及遭受亲密伴侣身体暴力呈负相关。由于撒哈拉以南非洲地区亲密伴侣身体暴力持续不减，解决该问题的项目和干预措施将需要考虑地理区域的规范性背景。
