Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo, Norway.
Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
J Interpers Violence. 2020 Jun;35(11-12):2210-2235. doi: 10.1177/0886260517696867. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
Multiple factors may influence the risk of exposure to childhood violence and repeated victimization, although most research has focused on individual rather than contextual factors. Moreover, it is unclear whether family background factors associated with exposure to childhood violence also are associated with revictimization in young adulthood. This article investigates individual and contextual factors associated with childhood abuse and revictimization. Data from a community telephone survey, collected at two different time points ( = 1,011, 16-33 years of age), were used. Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze family background factors in childhood violence-exposed cases and non-exposed controls. Similar analyses were conducted for the relationship of individual and contextual variables in the revictimized and the non-revictimized groups. The adjusted analyses showed that social problems (≥2 or more social problems: odds ratio [OR] = 2.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.41, 5.94]) and frequent binge drinking (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = [1.05, 1.40]) were significantly associated with repeated victimization whereas social support decreased the odds (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = [0.55, 0.99]). Family problems and low family cohesion growing up (although measured at Wave 2) were significantly associated with childhood exposure to violence, but not with revictimization. Our findings emphasizes that it is useful to separate factors associated with childhood abuse from factors related to revictimization to identify current ecological aspects that can be addressed to prevent further abuse.
多种因素可能会影响儿童期暴力和重复受害的风险，尽管大多数研究都集中在个体因素上，而不是环境因素上。此外，与儿童期暴露于暴力相关的家庭背景因素是否也与青年期再次受害有关，目前尚不清楚。本文探讨了与儿童期虐待和再次受害相关的个体和环境因素。使用了来自社区电话调查的数据，该调查在两个不同时间点（n=1011，年龄为 16-33 岁）收集。应用逻辑回归分析对儿童期暴力暴露病例和未暴露对照组中的家庭背景因素进行分析。对再次受害组和未受害组中个体和环境变量之间的关系也进行了类似的分析。调整后的分析表明，社会问题（≥2 个或更多社会问题：比值比[OR]=2.89，95%置信区间[CI] = [1.41, 5.94]）和频繁狂欢饮酒（OR=1.21，95% CI = [1.05, 1.40]）与重复受害显著相关，而社会支持则降低了这种可能性（OR=0.74，95% CI = [0.55, 0.99]）。家庭问题和成长过程中家庭凝聚力低（尽管是在第 2 波测量的）与儿童期暴露于暴力显著相关，但与再次受害无关。我们的研究结果强调，将与儿童期虐待相关的因素与与再次受害相关的因素分开，以确定可以解决的当前生态方面的问题，从而预防进一步的虐待，这是很有用的。
