1 Division of Prevention and Community Research, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
2 Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
Child Maltreat. 2018 May;23(2):137-146. doi: 10.1177/1077559517733813. Epub 2017 Oct 10.
A substantial proportion of sexual abuse victims report repeat sexual victimization within childhood or adolescence; however, there is limited understanding of factors contributing to revictimization for youth. Thus, the present study examined predictors of sexual revictimization prior to adulthood using ecological systems theory. Records of 1,915 youth presenting to a Child Advocacy Center (CAC) were reviewed to identify individual, familial, and community factors as well as initial abuse characteristics associated with risk for revictimization. Results showed that 11.1% of youth re-presented to the CAC for sexual revictimization. At the individual level, younger children, girls, ethnoracial minority youth, and those with an identified mental health problem were most likely to experience revictimization. Interpersonal factors that increased vulnerability included the presence of a noncaregiving adult in the home, being in mental health treatment, and domestic violence in the family. Community-level factors did not predict revictimization. When factors at all levels were examined in conjunction, however, only individual-level factors significantly predicted the risk for revictimization. Findings from this study provide valuable information for CACs when assessing risk for re-report of sexual abuse and add to the field's understanding of revictimization within childhood.
相当一部分性虐待受害者报告在儿童期或青春期内多次遭受性虐待；然而，对于导致青年再次受害的因素，我们的了解有限。因此，本研究使用生态系统理论探讨了成年前性再次受害的预测因素。本研究回顾了 1915 名向儿童倡导中心（CAC）报案的青少年的记录，以确定与再次受害风险相关的个人、家庭和社区因素以及初始虐待特征。结果表明，11.1%的青少年因性虐待再次到 CAC 报案。在个人层面上，年龄较小的儿童、女孩、少数民族青少年以及有心理健康问题的青少年最有可能遭受再次受害。增加脆弱性的人际因素包括家中没有照顾者、正在接受心理健康治疗以及家庭中的家庭暴力。社区层面的因素并不能预测再次受害。然而，当在所有层面上检查这些因素时，只有个人层面的因素显著预测了再次受害的风险。本研究的结果为 CAC 在评估性虐待再次报告的风险时提供了有价值的信息，并为该领域在儿童期内对再次受害的理解增添了内容。
