Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA.
Boston University, MA, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2020 Nov;35(23-24):5179-5197. doi: 10.1177/0886260517719540. Epub 2017 Jul 20.
The purpose of the current report was to examine prior history of exposure to interpersonal violence (IPV), as compared with prior accident or prior disaster exposure, experiences during and after a disaster, and demographic variables as predictors of past month posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression severity among adolescents exposed to the tornadoes in Alabama and Missouri. IPV exposure has been consistently identified as a unique category of potentially traumatic events (PTE) that significantly increases risk for development of PTSD and other difficulties relative to other event types among adolescents. A population-based sample of adolescents and caregivers ( = 2,000) were recruited randomly from tornado-affected communities in Alabama and Joplin, Missouri. Participants completed structured telephone interviews on an average of 8.8 months posttornado. Prior history of IPV was prevalent (36.5%), as was reported history of accidents (25.9%) and prior disaster exposure (26.9%). Negative binomial regression analyses with PTSD and depression symptom counts for past month as outcome variables indicated that history of predisaster IPV was most robustly related to PTSD and depression symptoms, such that those with a history of IPV endorsed over 3 times the number of symptoms than those without IPV history. Final model statistics indicated that female gender, physical injury to caregiver, concern about others' safety, prior disaster, prior accident, and prior IPV exposure were also related to PTSD. Predictors of depression symptoms were similar with the exception that concern about others' safety was not a predictor and age was a predictor in the final model. It is important to evaluate potential additive effects of IPV history in addition to recent disaster exposure variables and to consider such history when developing interventions aimed to reduce or prevent symptoms of PTSD and depression among adolescents recently exposed to disaster.
本报告的目的是研究青少年在经历阿拉巴马州和密苏里州龙卷风灾害前后，与以往事故或灾害暴露经历相比，以往人际暴力（IPV）暴露情况，以及人口统计学变量作为预测因素，对其创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和抑郁严重程度的影响。以往研究表明，IPV 暴露是一类独特的潜在创伤性事件（PTE），与其他类型的事件相比，其对青少年 PTSD 和其他问题的发展风险显著增加。研究人员从阿拉巴马州和密苏里州的受龙卷风影响社区随机招募了一个基于人群的青少年和照顾者样本（n = 2000）。参与者在平均 8.8 个月后完成了有关龙卷风的结构电话访谈。先前的 IPV 史较为普遍（36.5%），事故史（25.9%）和先前灾害暴露史（26.9%）也较为常见。以 PTSD 和抑郁症状的月计数为因变量的负二项回归分析表明，灾难前 IPV 史与 PTSD 和抑郁症状的关系最为密切，因此有 IPV 史的人报告的症状数是没有 IPV 史的人的三倍多。最终模型的统计数据表明，女性性别、照顾者的身体伤害、对他人安全的担忧、先前的灾害、先前的事故和先前的 IPV 暴露也与 PTSD 有关。抑郁症状的预测因素相似，但他人安全的担忧不是最终模型的预测因素，年龄是预测因素。在评估除近期灾害暴露变量外 IPV 史的潜在附加效应时，以及在制定旨在减少或预防近期经历灾害的青少年 PTSD 和抑郁症状的干预措施时，考虑这种历史是很重要的。
