Klockmann Michael, Fischer Klaus
Zoological Institute and Museum University of Greifswald Greifswald Germany.
Ecol Evol. 2017 Nov 11;7(24):10871-10879. doi: 10.1002/ece3.3588. eCollection 2017 Dec.
Anthropogenic climate change poses substantial challenges to biodiversity conservation. Well-documented responses include phenological and range shifts, and declines in cold but increases in warm-adapted species. Thus, some species will suffer while others will benefit from ongoing change, although the biological features determining the prospects of a given species under climate change are largely unknown. By comparing three related butterfly species of different vulnerability to climate change, we show that stress tolerance during early development may be of key importance. The arguably most vulnerable species showed the strongest decline in egg hatching success under heat and desiccation stress, and similar pattern also for hatchling mortality. Research, especially on insects, is often focussed on the adult stage only. Thus, collating more data on stress tolerance in different life stages will be of crucial importance for enhancing our abilities to predict the fate of particular species and populations under ongoing climate change.
人为气候变化给生物多样性保护带来了巨大挑战。有充分记录的应对措施包括物候变化和分布范围的转移，以及耐寒物种数量减少而适应温暖环境的物种数量增加。因此，尽管在气候变化条件下决定特定物种前景的生物学特征在很大程度上尚不清楚，但一些物种将遭受损失，而另一些物种将从持续的变化中受益。通过比较三种对气候变化脆弱性不同的相关蝴蝶物种，我们发现早期发育过程中的应激耐受性可能至关重要。可以说最脆弱的物种在高温和干燥胁迫下卵孵化成功率下降最为明显，幼体死亡率也呈现类似模式。研究，尤其是关于昆虫的研究，通常只关注成虫阶段。因此，收集更多不同生命阶段应激耐受性的数据对于提高我们预测特定物种和种群在当前气候变化下命运的能力至关重要。
