Costa R, Sousa C, Llorente M
a Primate Research Institute , Kyoto University , Inuyama , Japan.
b Network Centre for Research in Anthropology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal.
J Appl Anim Welf Sci. 2018 Apr-Jun;21(2):185-199. doi: 10.1080/10888705.2017.1414606. Epub 2018 Jan 4.
The 2011 European Union Zoo Inquiry presented evidence that most zoos fail to achieve adequate levels of nonhuman animal welfare. Appropriate environmental enrichment (EE) can play a role in the promotion of welfare. However, financial and staff constraints frequently make it challenging to implement EE on a daily basis. The aim of this study was to test how individuals of three different nonhuman primate species at the Maia Zoo in Portugal (white-handed gibbons, Hylobates lar; Mona monkeys, Cercopithecus mona; and brown lemurs, Eulemur fulvus) reacted to EE devices. Another aim was to investigate whether simple, inexpensive devices can have positive outcomes for animal welfare. The results showed that all individuals reacted to the EE intervention, but individual responses to the EE devices differed. EE devices had consistently positive effects for all three species as demonstrated by an increase in the expression of natural behaviors and a general decrease in abnormal behaviors (46% compared with baseline). This study demonstrates that it is important to simultaneously test multiple individuals from different species in different situations to evaluate the effectiveness of EE.
2011年欧盟动物园调查提供的证据表明，大多数动物园未能实现足够水平的非人类动物福利。适当的环境富集（EE）可以在促进福利方面发挥作用。然而，资金和人员限制常常使得每天实施EE具有挑战性。本研究的目的是测试葡萄牙马亚动物园的三种不同非人类灵长类动物（白掌长臂猿，白掌长臂猿属；蒙娜猴，猕猴属；和褐狐猴，褐狐猴属）个体对EE装置的反应。另一个目的是调查简单、廉价的装置是否能对动物福利产生积极影响。结果表明，所有个体都对EE干预有反应，但个体对EE装置的反应有所不同。EE装置对所有三个物种都有持续的积极影响，表现为自然行为表达增加，异常行为普遍减少（与基线相比减少46%）。本研究表明，在不同情况下同时测试来自不同物种的多个个体以评估EE的有效性很重要。
