寻求精神科护理的非裔美国少女的性风险：一个社会-个人框架。
Sexual risk among African American girls seeking psychiatric care: A social-personal framework.
机构信息
Center for Dissemination and Implementation Science, Healthy Youths Program, University of Illinois at Chicago.
Community Outreach Intervention Projects, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago.
出版信息
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2018 Jan;86(1):24-38. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000270.
OBJECTIVE
This study examined individual and social factors associated with sexual risk behavior among African American girls seeking outpatient mental health services across 2 years and key developmental transitions.
METHOD
African American females 12-16 years old (M = 14.5; SD = 1.15; n = 266) were recruited from eight outpatient mental health clinics and completed interviewer-administered and computer-assisted measures at baseline, 12, and 24 months. Analyses tested individual attributes (externalizing and internalizing problems) and family context (maternal acceptance-rejection, mother-daughter communication about sex) at baseline, peer influences (peer support of substance use, girlfriend dating behavior) and partner relationship characteristics (rejection sensitivity, partner risk communication frequency and openness) at 12 months, and girls' sexual behavior at 24 months.
RESULTS
At baseline, 32% of girls reported having had vaginal/anal sex compared with 60% at 24 months. Data analyses revealed robust associations between externalizing problems and maternal acceptance-rejection and mother-daughter risk communication during early adolescence, peer support of substance use and girlfriend dating behavior 1 year later, and girls' sexual risk taking 2 years later.
CONCLUSION
Findings support a social-personal framework (SPF) of sexual risk for African American girls seeking mental health care, underscoring the potential benefits of early intervention to reduce externalizing problems while strengthening mother-daughter communication and relationships to prevent subsequent sexual risk and associated negative outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record
目的
本研究考察了在两年内和关键发展过渡期间，与寻求门诊心理健康服务的非裔美国少女的性风险行为相关的个体和社会因素。
方法
从八家门诊心理健康诊所招募了 12-16 岁的非裔美国女性（M=14.5；SD=1.15；n=266），并在基线、12 个月和 24 个月时完成了访谈者管理和计算机辅助的测量。分析测试了基线时的个体属性（外化和内化问题）和家庭环境（母亲接受-拒绝、母女之间关于性的沟通）、12 个月时的同伴影响（同伴对药物使用的支持、女友约会行为）和伴侣关系特征（拒绝敏感性、伴侣风险沟通频率和开放性）以及 24 个月时女孩的性行为。
结果
在基线时，32%的女孩报告有过阴道/肛门性行为，而在 24 个月时，这一比例为 60%。数据分析显示，外化问题与母亲接受-拒绝和母女风险沟通在青春期早期、1 年后同伴对药物使用的支持和女友约会行为以及 2 年后女孩的性风险行为之间存在很强的关联。
结论
研究结果支持了非裔美国少女寻求心理健康护理的性风险的社会-个人框架（SPF），强调了早期干预的潜在益处，即在减少外化问题的同时，加强母女沟通和关系，以防止随后的性风险和相关的负面后果。
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