急性运动对认知功能的影响：所罗门实验设计。
The Effects of Acute Exercise on Cognitive Function: Solomon Experimental Design.
作者信息
Jaffery Annese, Edwards Meghan K, Loprinzi Paul D
机构信息
Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, Exercise Psychology Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, 229 Turner Center, University, MS, 38677, USA.
出版信息
J Prim Prev. 2018 Feb;39(1):37-46. doi: 10.1007/s10935-017-0498-z.
No study has yet evaluated the effects of an acute 5-min bout of exercise (walking) on cognitive function, which was the purpose of our study. We employed a Solomon-4 experimental design, in which 22 young adult participants were included in each group. Participants in two groups (1 and 3) walked on a treadmill for 5 min at a self-selected intensity. We assessed cognitive function by means of the Trail Making B test. We observed no difference in cognitive function between the two assessments for the control group (group 2: 42.8 vs. 40.6 s), but found a significant effect for adults in group 1 (56.3 vs. 35.7 s), whose cognitive function was markedly improved after the 5-min bout of walking. This within-group by between-group interaction (change due to the treatment) was statistically significant (- 20.4 vs. - 2.2 s). A 5-min bout of walking at a self-selected intensity is associated with improved cognitive function. Given our observed interaction effect of the pretest and treatment (walking) on cognitive function, we encourage researchers to investigate the potential additive or synergistic effects of mental training and acute exercise on cognition.
尚无研究评估过急性5分钟运动（步行）对认知功能的影响，而这正是我们这项研究的目的。我们采用了所罗门四组实验设计，每组纳入22名年轻成年参与者。两组（第1组和第3组）的参与者以自行选择的强度在跑步机上步行5分钟。我们通过数字符号替换测验B来评估认知功能。我们观察到，对照组两次评估之间的认知功能没有差异（第2组：42.8秒对40.6秒），但发现第1组成年人有显著效果（56.3秒对35.7秒），其认知功能在5分钟步行后明显改善。这种组内与组间的交互作用（因治疗引起的变化）具有统计学意义（-20.4秒对-2.2秒）。以自行选择的强度进行5分钟步行与认知功能改善相关。鉴于我们观察到的预测试和治疗（步行）对认知功能的交互作用，我们鼓励研究人员探究心理训练和急性运动对认知的潜在相加或协同效应。
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