Chen Fei, Roberts Nicholas J, Klein Alison P
Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Pathology, Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Chin Clin Oncol. 2017 Dec;6(6):58. doi: 10.21037/cco.2017.12.04.
Pancreatic cancers arise through a series of genetic events both inherited and acquired. Inherited genetic changes, both high penetrance and low penetrance, are an important component of pancreatic cancer risk, and may be used to characterize populations who will benefit from early detection. Furthermore, pancreatic cancer patients with inherited mutations may be particularly sensitive to certain targeted agents, providing an opportunity to personalized treatment. Family history of pancreatic cancer is one of the strongest risk factors for the disease, and is associated with an increased risk of caners at other sites, including but not limited to breast, ovarian and colorectal cancer. The goal of this chapter is to discuss the importance of family history of pancreatic cancer, and the known genes that account for a portion of the familial clustering of pancreatic cancer.
胰腺癌通过一系列遗传事件发生，这些事件既有遗传的，也有后天获得的。高外显率和低外显率的遗传变化都是胰腺癌风险的重要组成部分，可用于确定哪些人群将从早期检测中获益。此外，具有遗传突变的胰腺癌患者可能对某些靶向药物特别敏感，这为个性化治疗提供了机会。胰腺癌家族史是该疾病最强的风险因素之一，并且与其他部位癌症的风险增加相关，包括但不限于乳腺癌、卵巢癌和结直肠癌。本章的目的是讨论胰腺癌家族史的重要性，以及导致胰腺癌家族聚集现象一部分的已知基因。
