多发性硬化症的孟德尔随机化：维生素 D 和肥胖的因果作用？
Mendelian randomization in multiple sclerosis: A causal role for vitamin D and obesity?
机构信息
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada/Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada/Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada/Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada/Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada/Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
出版信息
Mult Scler. 2018 Jan;24(1):80-85. doi: 10.1177/1352458517737373.
The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) involves a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Epidemiologic studies have furthered our understanding of these risk factors but remain limited by residual confounding and potential for reverse causation, particularly in MS where time of disease onset is not known. Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variants to study the causal effect of modifiable exposures on an outcome. This method avoids some of the limitations of classical epidemiology and can strengthen causal inference. Here, we introduce the basic concepts of MR and review its contributions to the field of MS. Indeed, several studies using MR have now provided support for a causal role for low vitamin D level and obesity in the development of MS.
多发性硬化症（MS）的病因涉及遗传和环境因素的复杂相互作用。 流行病学研究进一步加深了我们对这些危险因素的认识，但仍然受到残余混杂和潜在反向因果关系的限制，尤其是在 MS 中，因为我们不知道疾病的发病时间。 孟德尔随机化（MR）使用遗传变异来研究可改变的暴露对结果的因果影响。 这种方法避免了经典流行病学的一些局限性，并可以加强因果推断。 在这里，我们介绍了 MR 的基本概念，并回顾了它对 MS 领域的贡献。 实际上，现在已经有几项使用 MR 的研究为低维生素 D 水平和肥胖在 MS 发展中的因果作用提供了支持。
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