9个巴尔干国家儿童遭受暴力侵害的终生患病率和过去一年患病率：巴尔干儿童和青少年暴力研究（BECAN研究）
Lifetime and past-year prevalence of children's exposure to violence in 9 Balkan countries: the BECAN study.
作者信息
Nikolaidis George, Petroulaki Kiki, Zarokosta Foteini, Tsirigoti Antonia, Hazizaj Altin, Cenko Enila, Brkic-Smigoc Jelena, Vajzovic Emir, Stancheva Vaska, Chincheva Stefka, Ajdukovic Marina, Rajter Miro, Raleva Marija, Trpcevska Liljana, Roth Maria, Antal Imola, Ispanovic Veronika, Hanak Natasha, Olmezoglu-Sofuoglu Zeynep, Umit-Bal Ismail, Bianchi Donata, Meinck Franziska, Browne Kevin
机构信息
Department of Mental Health and Social Welfare, Centre for the Study and Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect, Institute of Child Health, 7 Fokidos Str., 11526 Athens, Greece.
Present Address: Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2018 Jan 2;12:1. doi: 10.1186/s13034-017-0208-x. eCollection 2018.
BACKGROUND
Children's exposure to violence is a major public health issue. The Balkan epidemiological study on Child Abuse and Neglect project aimed to collect internationally comparable data on violence exposures in childhood.
METHODS
A three stage stratified random sample of 42,194 school-attending children (response rate: 66.7%) in three grades (aged 11, 13 and 16 years) was drawn from schools in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Greece, Romania, Serbia and Turkey. Children completed the ICAST-C questionnaire, which measures children's exposure to violence by any perpetrator.
RESULTS
Exposure rates for psychological violence were between 64.6% (FYROM) and 83.2% (Greece) for lifetime and 59.62% (Serbia) and 70.0% (Greece) for past-year prevalence. Physical violence exposure varied between 50.6% (FYROM) and 76.3% (Greece) for lifetime and 42.5% (FYROM) and 51.0% (Bosnia) for past-year prevalence. Sexual violence figures were highest for lifetime prevalence in Bosnia (18.6%) and lowest in FYROM (7.6%). Lifetime contact sexual violence was highest in Bosnia (9.8%) and lowest in Romania (3.6%). Past-year sexual violence and contact sexual violence prevalence was lowest in Romania (5.0 and 2.1%) and highest in Bosnia (13.6 and 7.7% respectively). Self-reported neglect was highest for both past-year and lifetime prevalence in Bosnia (48.0 and 20.3%) and lowest in Romania (22.6 and 16.7%). Experiences of positive parental practices were reported by most participating children in all countries.
CONCLUSIONS
Where significant differences in violence exposure by sex were observed, males reported higher exposure to past-year and lifetime sexual violence and females higher exposure to neglect. Children in Balkan countries experience a high burden of violence victimization and national-level programming and child protection policy making is urgently needed to address this.
背景
儿童遭受暴力是一个重大的公共卫生问题。巴尔干地区儿童虐待与忽视问题流行病学研究项目旨在收集关于儿童期暴力暴露的国际可比数据。
方法
从阿尔巴尼亚、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、保加利亚、克罗地亚、前南斯拉夫的马其顿共和国（马其顿）、希腊、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚和土耳其的学校中抽取了一个分三个阶段的分层随机样本，样本为42194名在校儿童（回复率：66.7%），涵盖三个年级（11岁、13岁和16岁）。儿童完成了ICAST-C问卷，该问卷衡量儿童遭受任何施暴者暴力的情况。
结果
终身心理暴力暴露率在64.6%（马其顿）至83.2%（希腊）之间，过去一年的患病率在59.62%（塞尔维亚）至70.0%（希腊）之间。终身身体暴力暴露率在50.6%（马其顿）至76.3%（希腊）之间，过去一年的患病率在42.5%（马其顿）至51.0%（波斯尼亚）之间。性暴力终身患病率在波斯尼亚最高（18.6%），在马其顿最低（7.6%）。终身接触性暴力在波斯尼亚最高（9.8%），在罗马尼亚最低（3.6%）。过去一年性暴力和接触性暴力患病率在罗马尼亚最低（分别为5.0%和2.1%），在波斯尼亚最高（分别为13.6%和7.7%）。自我报告的忽视在波斯尼亚过去一年和终身患病率均最高（分别为48.0%和20.3%），在罗马尼亚最低（分别为22.6%和16.7%）。所有国家的大多数参与儿童都报告了积极的父母教养方式经历。
结论
在观察到暴力暴露存在显著性别差异的地方，男性报告过去一年和终身遭受性暴力的暴露率较高，而女性遭受忽视暴露率较高。巴尔干国家的儿童遭受暴力侵害的负担很重，迫切需要在国家层面制定方案和儿童保护政策来解决这一问题。
Zotero 插件