Ginling College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
School of Geographical Science, International Center for Aging and Health, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2018 Mar-Apr;75:171-180. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2018.01.001. Epub 2018 Jan 4.
This study aims to address whether associations between financial resources and self-perceived uselessness are different by urban-rural residence and whether the associations are stronger for subjectively-measured than for objectively-measured financial resources among older adults.
We relied on the latest four waves of data of a China nationally representative survey with 25,954 community-residing respondents in 2005-2014. Self-perceived uselessness was classified into four categories: high, moderate, and low frequencies plus unable to answer the question. Financial resources included six objectively- or subjectively-measured variables and two culturally-measured variables. Multinomial logistic models were employed for the purposes, taking the low frequency as the reference category and adjusting for intrapersonal correlation.
Better financial resources, either objectively- or subjectively-measured, are associated with lower risk of the high and moderate frequencies of self-perceived uselessness relative to the low frequency in both urban and rural older adults. Subjectively-measured financial resources have more pronounced associations with self-perceived uselessness than objectively-measured financial resources in both urban and rural areas. Upward wealth transfer, one culturally-measured financial factor, is associated with greater relative risk of the high vs. the low frequency in urban areas, but the association is not significant in rural areas. In both urban and rural areas, the downward transfer, another culturally-measured financial factor, is associated with lower relative risk of the high frequency vs. the low frequency.
The associations between financial resources and self-perceived uselessness differ between urban and rural areas. Subjectively-measured financial resources tend to be more strongly associated with self-perceived uselessness.
本研究旨在探讨财务资源与自我无用感之间的关联是否因城乡居住而有所不同，以及这种关联在老年人中是否通过主观而非客观的财务资源来衡量更为强烈。
我们依赖于一项具有全国代表性的调查的最新四波数据，该调查在 2005-2014 年间涵盖了 25954 名居住在社区的受访者。自我无用感被分为四个类别：高、中、低频率和无法回答问题。财务资源包括六个客观或主观衡量的变量以及两个文化衡量的变量。采用多项逻辑回归模型进行分析，以低频作为参考类别，并调整个体内相关性。
无论是客观还是主观衡量的更好的财务资源，都与城乡老年人中自我无用感的高和中频率相对低频的风险降低相关。主观衡量的财务资源与自我无用感的关联在城乡地区都比客观衡量的财务资源更为显著。向上的财富转移，一个文化衡量的财务因素，与城市地区高频率与低频相比的相对风险增加相关，但在农村地区则不显著。在城乡地区，另一个文化衡量的财务因素——向下转移，与高频率与低频相比的相对风险降低相关。
财务资源与自我无用感之间的关联在城乡地区有所不同。主观衡量的财务资源与自我无用感之间的关联更为强烈。
