Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol,Bristol,UK.
MRC Social, Developmental and Genetic Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London,London,UK.
Psychol Med. 2018 Oct;48(13):2194-2201. doi: 10.1017/S0033291717003683. Epub 2018 Jan 9.
Low resting heart rate (RHR) is a consistent biological correlate of antisocial behaviour (ASB), however potential mechanisms have been largely unexplored. We hypothesise that lower RHR will be associated with higher ASB levels in mid-adolescence and persistence into adulthood, and that these associations will be explained, in part, by sensation seeking and callous-unemotional traits.
ASB was assessed repeatedly with young people from ages 15 to 21 years in a population-based birth cohort (ALSPAC). A longitudinal trajectory was derived and showed ASB decreasing across adolescence before stabilising in early adulthood. RHR was recorded at age 12 years, and mediators were assessed at age 14 years.
After adjusting for socio-demographic confounders, there was evidence for a total effect of RHR on ASB levels in mid-adolescence [b(95% CI) = -0.08 (-0.14 to -0.02)], reflecting 0.08 more types of antisocial activity in the last year per 10 fewer heart beats per minute. This effect was almost entirely explained through sensation seeking [b(95% CI) = -0.06 (-0.08 to -0.04)]. After additionally adjusting for child and parent-related confounders, all effects weakened; however, there was still evidence of an indirect effect of RHR, via sensation seeking, on ASB levels in mid-adolescence [b(95% CI) = -0.01 (-0.03 to -0.003)]. There was no evidence for a total effect of RHR on ASB levels in early adulthood, and weak evidence of an indirect effect, via sensation seeking [b(95% CI) = -0.01 (-0.01 to -0.00)].
Lower RHR in childhood was associated with higher ASB levels in mid-adolescence, indirectly via sensation seeking.
静息心率（RHR）较低是反社会行为（ASB）的一致生物学相关因素，但潜在机制在很大程度上仍未得到探索。我们假设，在青少年中期，较低的 RHR 与较高的 ASB 水平相关，并且这些关联部分可以通过感觉寻求和冷酷无情的特质来解释。
使用基于人群的出生队列（ALSPAC）中的年轻人从 15 岁到 21 岁反复评估 ASB。得出了一个纵向轨迹，显示出青少年期 ASB 逐渐减少，然后在成年早期稳定下来。在 12 岁时记录 RHR，并在 14 岁时评估中介变量。
在调整了社会人口统计学混杂因素后，有证据表明 RHR 对青少年中期 ASB 水平存在总效应 [b(95%CI) = -0.08(-0.14 至 -0.02)]，反映出每分钟心跳减少 10 次，在过去一年中会增加 0.08 种反社会活动。这种影响几乎完全可以通过感觉寻求来解释 [b(95%CI) = -0.06(-0.08 至 -0.04)]。在另外调整了儿童和父母相关的混杂因素后，所有影响都减弱了；然而，仍然有证据表明 RHR 通过感觉寻求对青少年中期 ASB 水平有间接影响 [b(95%CI) = -0.01(-0.03 至 -0.003)]。RHR 对成年早期 ASB 水平没有总效应，并且通过感觉寻求的间接效应也很微弱 [b(95%CI) = -0.01(-0.01 至 -0.00)]。
儿童时期较低的 RHR 与青少年中期较高的 ASB 水平相关，这是通过感觉寻求间接相关的。
