Yeh Su-Ling, Lane Timothy Joseph, Chang An-Yi, Chien Sung-En
Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Front Psychol. 2017 Dec 12;8:2172. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02172. eCollection 2017.
Inducing the rubber hand illusion (RHI) requires that participants look at an imitation hand while it is stroked in synchrony with their occluded biological hand. Previous explanations of the RHI have emphasized multisensory integration, and excluded higher cognitive functions. We investigated the relationship between the RHI and higher cognitive functions by experimentally testing task switch (as measured by switch cost) and mind wandering (as measured by SART score); we also included a questionnaire for attentional control that comprises two subscales, attention-shift and attention-focus. To assess experience of RHI, the Botvinick and Cohen (1998) questionnaire was used and illusion onset time was recorded. Our results indicate that rapidity of onset reliably indicates illusion strength. Regression analysis revealed that participants evincing less switch cost and higher attention-shift scores had faster RHI onset times, and that those with higher attention-shift scores experienced the RHI more vividly. These results suggest that the multi-sensory hypothesis is not sufficient to explain the illusion: higher cognitive functions should be taken into account when explaining variation in the experience of ownership for the rubber hand.
诱发橡胶手错觉（RHI）要求参与者看着一只模仿手，同时这只模仿手与他们被遮挡的生物手同步被抚摸。先前对橡胶手错觉的解释强调多感官整合，并且排除了更高层次的认知功能。我们通过实验测试任务转换（以转换成本衡量）和思维游荡（以SART分数衡量）来研究橡胶手错觉与更高层次认知功能之间的关系；我们还纳入了一份包含注意力转移和注意力聚焦两个子量表的注意力控制问卷。为了评估橡胶手错觉体验，我们使用了博特温尼克和科恩（1998）的问卷，并记录了错觉开始时间。我们的结果表明，开始的速度可靠地表明了错觉的强度。回归分析显示，转换成本较低且注意力转移分数较高的参与者橡胶手错觉开始时间更快，且注意力转移分数较高的参与者对橡胶手错觉的体验更生动。这些结果表明，多感官假设不足以解释这种错觉：在解释对橡胶手的拥有感体验的差异时，应考虑更高层次的认知功能。
