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视觉和触觉共享空间注意力资源,且视触觉整合不受高注意力负荷的影响。

Vision and Haptics Share Spatial Attentional Resources and Visuotactile Integration Is Not Affected by High Attentional Load.

作者信息

Wahn Basil, König Peter

出版信息

Multisens Res. 2015;28(3-4):371-92. doi: 10.1163/22134808-00002482.

Abstract

Human information processing is limited by attentional resources. Two questions that are discussed in multisensory research are (1) whether there are separate spatial attentional resources for each sensory modality and (2) whether multisensory integration is influenced by attentional load. We investigated these questions using a dual task paradigm: Participants performed two spatial tasks (a multiple object tracking ['MOT'] task and a localization ['LOC'] task) either separately (single task condition) or simultaneously (dual task condition). In the MOT task, participants visually tracked a small subset of several randomly moving objects. In the LOC task, participants either received visual, tactile, or redundant visual and tactile location cues. In the dual task condition, we found a substantial decrease in participants' performance and an increase in participants' mental effort (indicated by an increase in pupil size) relative to the single task condition. Importantly, participants performed equally well in the dual task condition regardless of whether they received visual, tactile, or redundant multisensory (visual and tactile) location cues in the LOC task. This result suggests that having spatial information coming from different modalities does not facilitate performance, thereby indicating shared spatial attentional resources for the tactile and visual modality. Also, we found that participants integrated redundant multisensory information optimally even when they experienced additional attentional load in the dual task condition. Overall, findings suggest that (1) spatial attentional resources for the tactile and visual modality overlap and that (2) the integration of spatial cues from these two modalities occurs at an early pre-attentive processing stage.

摘要

人类信息处理受到注意力资源的限制。多感官研究中讨论的两个问题是:(1)每种感官模态是否有独立的空间注意力资源;(2)多感官整合是否受到注意力负荷的影响。我们使用双重任务范式来研究这些问题:参与者分别(单任务条件)或同时(双重任务条件)执行两项空间任务(多目标跟踪['MOT']任务和定位['LOC']任务)。在MOT任务中,参与者视觉跟踪几个随机移动物体中的一小部分。在LOC任务中,参与者接收视觉、触觉或冗余的视觉和触觉位置线索。在双重任务条件下,相对于单任务条件,我们发现参与者的表现大幅下降,且心理努力增加(以瞳孔大小增加表示)。重要的是,无论参与者在LOC任务中接收视觉、触觉还是冗余的多感官(视觉和触觉)位置线索,他们在双重任务条件下的表现都同样出色。这一结果表明,来自不同模态的空间信息并不能促进表现,从而表明触觉和视觉模态共享空间注意力资源。此外,我们发现即使参与者在双重任务条件下承受额外的注意力负荷,他们也能最佳地整合冗余的多感官信息。总体而言,研究结果表明:(1)触觉和视觉模态的空间注意力资源重叠;(2)来自这两种模态的空间线索整合发生在早期的前注意加工阶段。

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