Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
Molecules. 2018 Jan 7;23(1):117. doi: 10.3390/molecules23010117.
Iridoids are a class of monoterpenoid compounds constructed from 10-carbon skeleton of isoprene building units. These compounds in their aglycones and glycosylated forms exist in nature to contribute to mechanisms related to plant defenses and diverse plant-animal interactions. Recent studies have also shown that iridoids and other structurally related monoterpenes display a vast array of pharmacological effects that make them potential modulators of the Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review critically evaluates the therapeutic potential of these natural products by assessing key in vitro and in vivo data published in the scientific literature. Mechanistic approach of scrutiny addressing their effects in the Alzheimer's brain including the τ-protein phosphorylation signaling, amyloid beta (Aβ) formation, aggregation, toxicity and clearance along with various effects from antioxidant to antiinflammatory mechanisms are discussed. The drug likeness of these compounds and future prospects to consider in their development as potential leads are addressed.
环烯醚萜类化合物是由异戊二烯单元构建的 10 碳骨架单萜类化合物。这些化合物以苷元和糖苷的形式存在于自然界中，参与与植物防御和多种植物-动物相互作用相关的机制。最近的研究还表明，环烯醚萜类化合物和其他结构相关的单萜类化合物具有广泛的药理作用，使它们成为阿尔茨海默病（AD）的潜在调节剂。通过评估科学文献中发表的关键体外和体内数据，本综述批判性地评估了这些天然产物的治疗潜力。讨论了在阿尔茨海默病大脑中研究这些化合物的作用的机制方法，包括τ-蛋白磷酸化信号、淀粉样β（Aβ）形成、聚集、毒性和清除，以及从抗氧化到抗炎机制的各种作用。还讨论了这些化合物的类药性以及在将其开发为潜在先导物时需要考虑的未来前景。
